高等教育的奖学金
Higher education in the United States has never been more costly.
美国的高等教育从来没有像现在这样昂贵过。
The College Board is an independent organization that supports the growth of higher education in the U.S. It says that the average cost to attend a public, four-year American college or university has increased more than 300 percent in the last 30 years.
美国大学理事会是一个支持美国高等教育发展的独立组织。它说，在过去30年里，美国公立四年制学院或大学的平均学费增加了300%以上。
Most American colleges and universities do offer some form of financial assistance to their students.
大多数美国学院和大学确实为学生提供某种形式的经济援助。
However, not all schools offer aid in the same way, and not all students are able to receive the same kind of aid, says Loutfi Jirari.
然而，并不是所有的学校都以同样的方式提供援助，也不是所有的学生都能得到同样的援助，Loutfi Jirari说。
He is the associate dean of academic life and director of international recruitment at DePauw University, a private liberal arts college in Indiana.
他是印第安纳州私立文理学院德堡大学(DePauw University)的副院长兼国际招聘主任。
Jirari says there are several types of financial assistance that colleges and universities offer students.
吉拉里说，学院和大学提供给学生的经济援助有几种类型。
There is aid that schools award to students with strong academic records.
学校对成绩优异的学生进行奖励。
Schools also give special awards to students who are especially skilled at a sport, musical instrument, or other activity.
学校也会给特别擅长运动、乐器或其他活动的学生颁发特别奖项。
Jirari says the financial aid process can be complex, no matter what kind of assistance a student is seeking.
吉拉里说，经济援助过程可能很复杂，不管学生寻求什么样的援助。
It demands just as much attention as any other part of the college application process.
它和大学申请过程中的其他任何部分一样需要更多的关注。
Students should consider several things before sending in any aid application materials, Jirari says.
Jirari说，学生在递交任何援助申请材料之前应该考虑几件事。
For example, there are two main types of colleges and universities in the United States: public and private.
例如，在美国有两种主要类型的学院和大学:公立和私立。
Public universities are controlled by the states in which they are located.
公立大学由所在州控制。
Private schools are independently operated.
私立学校是独立运作的。
What does this mean in terms of applying for financial aid?
就申请经济援助而言，这意味着什么?
For both domestic and international students, Jirari says, there is a world of difference.
Jirari说，对于国内和国际学生来说，世界是不同的。
He should know;
他应该知道;
he was once an international student himself.
他自己曾经是一名国际学生。
Born in Morocco, Jirari attended one year of college in his home country before finishing his higher education at Southern Illinois University, a public research university.
吉拉里出生于摩洛哥，在他的祖国上了一年大学，然后在南伊利诺伊大学完成了他的高等教育，这是一所公立研究型大学。
He says most public American universities do not offer any financial aid to international students.
他说，大多数美国公立大学不向国际学生提供任何经济援助。
That is because those schools have special responsibilities to students living in-state.
这是因为这些学校对住在本州的学生负有特殊责任。
"State universities have to serve the needs of the students in the state and the students in the U.S. first and foremost," Jirari told VOA.
吉拉里对美国之音说:“州立大学首先必须为本州学生和美国学生的需求服务。
"They are, of course, very, very open to having international students.
“当然，他们非常、非常欢迎国际学生。
But they are not able to give financial aid because they just don\'t have that ...
但是他们不能提供经济援助，因为他们没有。
for international students...
为国际学生……
Private universities don\'t have to follow everything that is dictated by the states."
私立大学不必遵循各州的规定。
So, Jirari says, the first step for both domestic and international students should be to ask what a school offers.
因此，Jirari说，对于国内和国际学生来说，第一步都应该询问学校提供什么。
He suggests contacting schools\' financial aid offices directly.
他建议直接联系学校的财政援助办公室。
Applicants can get answers to questions they may have about the school\'s financial aid availability.
申请者可以得到关于学校财政援助可用性的问题的答案。
Jirari also notes that financial aid offices and admissions offices often work together.
吉拉里还指出，经济援助办公室和招生办公室经常合作。
Any time an applicant contacts and communicates with a school directly, the school sees it as a good sign.
任何时候，申请人与学校直接接触和沟通，学校都认为这是一个好迹象。
"When they ask questions...
“当他们问问题的时候……”
we give them points," Jirari said.
我们给他们分数。
"That is a sign that the student cares about the university, and for us, we use those points to decide admission and also to decide scholarships."
“这是一个学生关心学校的信号，对我们来说，我们用这些分数来决定录取和奖学金。”
Jirari says that students usually apply for financial aid from a university at the same time that they apply for admission.
吉拉里说，学生通常在申请入学的同时申请大学的经济资助。
This is typically in the fall term of their final year of high school.
这通常是在他们高中最后一年的秋季学期。
American citizens can apply for financial aid from both the U.S. government and their college or university of choice.
美国公民可以向美国政府和他们选择的学院或大学申请经济援助。
They do so by completing a Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA.
他们通过填写免费的联邦学生资助申请(FAFSA)来实现这一点。
International students must apply for financial aid through one of two other methods.
留学生必须通过其他两种方式之一申请经济资助。
They can use the College Board\'s College Scholarship Service, or CSS, Profile.
他们可以使用大学理事会的大学奖学金服务，或CSS，个人资料。
They can also use the International Student Financial Aid Application.
他们也可以使用国际学生资助申请。
Almost all U.S. colleges and universities use at least one of these methods to determine how much aid they will give to students, Jirari says.
Jirari说，几乎所有的美国学院和大学都至少使用其中一种方法来决定他们会给学生提供多少资助。
The main difference between the two is that the CSS Profile costs about $25 for the first school students apply to, and about $16 for each additional school.
两者的主要区别在于，第一所学校的学生申请CSS的花费约为25美元，每增加一所学校的花费约为16美元。
The International Student Financial Aid Application is free.
国际学生助学金申请是免费的。
But Jirari says that neither method is necessarily better than the other.
但是吉拉里说，这两种方法都不一定比另一种好。
He says that the FAFSA, the CSS Profile and the International Student Financial Aid Application all ask for the same kind of information.
他说，FAFSA、CSS概要和国际学生助学金申请都要求提供同样的信息。
That information includes detailed proof of how much money, property and other assets a student\'s family possesses.
这些信息包括学生家庭拥有的金钱、财产和其他资产的详细证明。
They also ask students to report the number of siblings a student has so schools know if their family is supporting more than one college student.
他们还要求学生报告一个学生的兄弟姐妹数量，这样学校就能知道他们的家庭是否支持一个以上的大学生。
Jirari notes that completing these application materials correctly is very important.
吉拉里指出，正确填写这些申请材料非常重要。
For example, students must make sure that all their family\'s financial information is reported using the value in American dollars.
例如，学生必须确保他们所有的家庭财务信息都是用美元来报告的。
Otherwise the student risks making it appear that their family is wealthier than they actually are.
否则，学生可能会让人觉得他们的家庭比实际富裕。
Also, he says, students must make sure all the documents they provide the school match the ones they use in their visa application.
他还说，学生必须确保他们提供给学校的所有文件与他们申请签证时使用的文件一致。
If a student does not tell the full truth on every part of their application, the school can and will find out.
如果一个学生没有在申请的每一部分都讲出全部的真相，学校可以也会发现的。
That can create serious problems.
这会造成严重的问题。
"I\'ve seen so many instances for both domestic and international students where students might try to hide an asset, thinking they will get more scholarship," he said "But what that causes is for us to see that student is being untruthful.
他说:“我在国内和国际学生中看到过很多这样的例子，学生们可能试图隐藏自己的资产，以为自己会获得更多奖学金，但这让我们看到，学生们在撒谎。”
And in a lot of instances we will deny that student."
在很多情况下，我们会拒绝那个学生。
In the end, schools do not want money to be a barrier to getting an education.
最后，学校不想让钱成为接受教育的障碍。
They will give as much aid as they feel is reasonable, Jirari says.
吉拉里说，他们将提供他们认为合理的援助。
But students must fully understand how much a college or university costs.
但是学生们必须完全明白一所学院或大学要花多少钱。
He notes that some schools only list their basic costs of attending classes on their websites without including other costs, such as housing.
他指出，一些学校只在网站上列出上课的基本费用，而不包括住房等其他费用。
That is another reason why student should ask financial aid officers questions during every step of the process.
这也是为什么学生在申请过程的每一步都要向经济援助官员提问的另一个原因。
The student can then compare how much a college or university truly costs to how much aid they are offering.
然后，学生可以比较一个学院或大学的真正成本和他们提供的援助的多少。
_______________________________________________________________
Words in This Story
academic – adj. of or relating to schools and education
recruitment – n. to find people with the qualities that are right, needed, or appropriate for a company, school, organization, or the armed forces and get them to join
application – n. a formal and usually written request for something, such as a job, admission to a school, or a loan
domestic – adj. of, relating to, or made in your own country
world of difference – idm. a big difference
dictate(d) – v. to make something necessary
admissions – n. the act or process of accepting someone as a student at a school
scholarship(s) – n. an amount of money that is given by a school or an organization, to a student to help pay for the student\'s education
asset(s) – n. something that is owned by a person or company
sibling(s) – n. a brother or sister
instance(s) – n. example or occasion
版权声明
本文来自投稿，不代表本站立场，转载请注明出处。
