新视野大学英语读写教程听力 第二册 unit7b_new

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[00:00.00]，就把hxen.com复制到QQ个人资料中！Are You a Workaholic?
[00:03.89]There\'s a big distinction between working hard and being a workaholic
[00:11.12]Working hard involves being organized,
[00:15.95]focused, getting a lot of work done,
[00:21.02]knowing when to stop, and having a life other than work.
[00:27.58]Workaholics, on the other hand, are often disorganized,
[00:33.73]always find reasons for working more,
[00:38.59]feel lost without work to do, hide from problems through work,
[00:45.54]don\'t know how or when to relax, bring work home from the office
[00:53.10]can\'t communicate well with fellow workers and family members
[00:59.87]and have unbalanced, one-dimensional lives.
[01:06.13]Workaholics, like those who are constantly drunk,
[01:12.68]suffer from a controlling habit,
[01:17.62]usually defined as compelling behavior despite negative consequences
[01:25.39]They are sometimes pushed into their habit by their work beliefs
[01:32.56]by workaholic role models,
[01:37.42]and by a work system that automatically sanctions workaholism.
[01:44.76]Despite lip service to the contrary
[01:49.40]("a balanced employee is a productive employee"),
[01:55.49]most employers want loyal employees who work longer hours,
[02:02.65]rewarding them with higher pay and better benefits
[02:08.63]In many companies, workers unwilling to burn the midnight oil are at risk
[02:17.45]Certainly, they hazard their jobs by working normal hours
[02:24.18]Americans tend to become trapped in a working and spending consumption mode
[02:32.46]driven by merchants, that leads them to rack up their expectations
[02:39.80]According to some psychology counselors,
[02:45.67]workaholism can be both good and bad for us.
[02:51.83]It can fuel a sense of self-worth and accomplishment.
[02:57.98]And we get paid for it and praised for it,
[03:03.13]which produces good feelings we may not necessarily be able to attain
[03:10.19]in other parts of our lives.
[03:14.26]Workaholism is a problem that has been evident since the Stone Age
[03:21.60]whenever people have sought to escape other parts of their lives through work
[03:28.48]Our parents and grandparents worked very hard,
[03:33.91]but theirs was more of a physical work.
[03:38.66]Ours has more stress in it,
[03:44.03]especially in these days of rising competition and shrinking companies
[03:51.41]The companies are getting smaller and smaller
[03:56.45]because of bleak economic conditions and employees fear for their jobs
[04:04.73]so they work longer hours.
[04:09.37]We seem to be more in the fast lane than ever before.
[04:16.03]Psychology counselors have noticed three types of workaholics:
[04:22.69]·People with high energy that needs discharging.
[04:28.67]·Very competitive people who have a strong need to prove themselves
[04:35.44]and tie their self-worth to their work.
[04:40.08]·People who use work to escape from something,
[04:45.88]such as grief, frustration or guilt.
[04:51.64]They keep themselves so busy
[04:55.99]that they have no time or energy to deal with their real problems
[05:02.72]These three types generally have the same traits.
[05:09.28]They can\'t stand not being active.
[05:14.32]They find it hard to go on vacation.
[05:18.85]They\'re more comfortable being with fellow workers
[05:24.11]than with family and friends.
[05:28.36]They equate self-worth and success with hard work.
[05:34.91]They\'d rather be at work than elsewhere or doing anything else.
[05:41.93]Workaholics presumably view their work habits
[05:48.37]through denial and rationalization.
[05:53.52]They deny the excessive time they\'re devoting to work,
[05:59.78]and they rationalize that their schedule is for the family
[06:06.34]and essential to being promoted.
[06:10.40]They also tend to view themselves and their work as indispensable
[06:17.68]and their working long hours as commitment to the company
[06:23.62]Of course there is nothing wrong with their commitment
[06:29.16]ambition and durable energy.
[06:33.80]But what is wrong
[06:37.37]is that these things often come in at a high price to their health

[06:44.21]and the welfare of their families.
[06:48.56]As workaholics tend to put all their eggs in one basket,
[06:54.54]their job,they can be helped by spreading these eggs into several baskets
[07:02.50]Psychology counselors, for example,
[07:06.85]often help these people by asking about the hobbies they enjoyed in the past
[07:14.52]and don\'t have any more now.
[07:18.37]That kind of question can often get them started
[07:24.82]toward regaining more of a balance in their lives.
[07:30.76]To be a healthy person physically and psychologically,
[07:36.73]one should lead a balanced life,
[07:41.59]summarize some psychology experts.
[07:46.52]Those little things — reading mystery novels, playing volleyball,
[07:53.76]spending time with family and friends, playing with the dog, going fishing
[08:01.75]may seem relatively insignificant means to a healthy end.
[08:08.12]They can be at least as rewarding as work.

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