新视野大学英语读写教程听力 第二册 unit7a_new

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[00:06.91]If you often feel angry and overwhelmed,
[00:12.78]like the stress in your life is spinning out of control,
[00:18.54]then you may be hurting your heart.
[00:23.00]If you don\'t want to break your own heart,
[00:29.66]you need to learn to take charge of your life where you can
[00:35.42]and recognize there are many things beyond your control.
[00:41.58]So says Dr.Robert S.Eliot,author of a new book titled From Stress to Strength
[00:52.63]How to Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life.
[00:58.32]He\'s a clinical professor of medicine at the University of Nebraska
[01:05.77]Eliot says there are people in this world whom he calls "hot reactors"
[01:14.41]For these people,
[01:17.98]being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure
[01:25.36]Eliot says researchers have found that stressed people
[01:31.80]have higher cholesterol levels, among other things
[01:37.56]"We\'ve done years of work in showing that excess alarm
[01:44.83]or stress chemicals can literally burst heart muscle fibers
[01:51.78]When that happens it happens very quickly,
[01:57.22]within five minutes
[02:00.85]It creates many short circuits,
[02:05.50]and that causes crazy heart rhythms.
[02:10.03]The heart beats like a bag of worms instead of a pump.
[02:15.58]And when that happens, we can\'t live."
[02:20.76]Eliot, 64, suffered a heart attack at age 44.
[02:27.60]He attributes some of the cause to stress.
[02:33.58]For years he was a "hot reactor". On the exterior,
[02:41.24]he was cool, calm and collected but on the interior,
[02:47.98]stress was killing him. He\'s now doing very well.
[02:54.53]The main predictors of destructive levels of stress are the FUD factors
[03:02.99]—  fear, uncertainty and doubt
[03:08.75]together with perceived lack of control, he says.
[03:15.12]For many people, the root of their stress is anger,
[03:21.20]and the trick is to find out where the anger is coming from.
[03:27.29]"Does the anger come from a feeling
[03:32.22]that everything must be perfect?" Eliot asks.
[03:38.30]"That\'s very common in professional women.
[03:43.27]They feel they have to be all things to all people
[03:49.32]and do it all perfectly.
[03:53.39]They think, \'I should, I must, I have to.\'
[04:00.12]Good enough is never good enough. Perfectionists cannot delegate
[04:08.08]They get angry that they have to carry it all,
[04:12.90]and they blow their tops.
[04:16.68]Then they feel guilty and they start the whole cycle over again
[04:24.02]"Others are angry because they have no compass in life.
[04:30.29]And they give the same emphasis to a traffic jam
[04:35.72]that they give a family argument," he says.
[04:40.87]"If you own anger for more than five minutes
[04:46.02]if you stir in your own juice with no safety outlet
[04:52.10]you have to find out where it\'s coming from."
[04:56.93]"What happens is that the hotter people get, physiologically,
[04:58.30]with mental stress,
[05:02.18]the more likely they are to blow apart with some heart problem
[05:08.27]One step to calming down is recognizing you have this tendency
[05:16.44]Learn to be less hostile by changing some of your attitudes and negative thinking
[05:25.19]Eliot recommends taking charge of your life.
[05:30.55]"If there is one word that should be substituted for stress,
[05:36.82]it\'s control. Instead of the FUD factors,
[05:43.98]what you want is the NICE factors
[05:49.74]new, interesting, challenging experiences."
[05:57.01]You have to decide what parts of your life you can control", he says
[06:04.68]"Stop where you are on your trail and say,
[06:10.04]I\'m going to get my compass out and find out what I need to do
[06:16.42]He suggests that people write down the six things in their lives
[06:23.98]that they feel are the most important things they\'d like to achieve
[06:30.24]Ben Franklin did it at age 32
[06:35.78]"He wrote down things like being a better father,
[06:42.44]being a better husband, being financially independent,
[06:49.00]being stimulated intellectually and remaining even tempered

[06:56.56]he wasn\'t good at that."
[07:00.30]Eliot says you can first make a list of 12 things
[07:07.57]then cut it down to 6 and set your priorities
[07:14.23]"Don\'t give yourself impossible things,
[07:19.60]but things that will affect your identity, control and self-worth
[07:27.66]"Put them on a note card
[07:33.31]and take it with you and look at it when you need to.
[07:38.28]Since we can\'t create a 26-hour day
[07:43.86]we have to decide what things we\'re going to do."
[07:49.01]Keep in mind that over time these priorities are going to change.
[07:57.07]The kids grow up, the dog dies and you change your priorities."
[08:05.14]From Eliot\'s viewpoint, the other key to controlling stress is to "realize
[08:14.10]that there are other troublesome parts of your life
[08:19.46]over which you can have little or no control
[08:25.44]like the economy and politicians";.
[08:30.59]You have to realize that sometimes with things like traffic jams
[08:37.97]deadlines and unpleasant bosses,
[08:43.33]You can\'t fight. You can\'t flee.You have to learn how to flow

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