新视野大学英语读写教程听力 第三册 te-unit06-b
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[00:00.00]，就把hxen.com复制到QQ个人资料中！Changes in the Balance of Nature
[00:-1.00]1 Perceptions are relative.
[00:-2.00]2 A single tree may seem large compared to a person.
[00:-3.00]If you compare it to a mountain,however,
[00:-4.00]the large tree seems small.
[00:-5.00]In other words, things in nature are large or small,
[00:-6.00]new or old, only in accordance with the measures
[00:-7.00]and the comparisons involved.
[00:-8.00]3 During the duration of one human lifetime,
[00:-9.00]not many things change. Even trees live longer than people,
[00:10.00]and the Earth itself is far older.
[00:11.00]The Earth was formed about five billion years ago from a rotating,
[00:12.00]circular cloud of dust and gases such as hydrogen and nitrogen.
[00:13.00]A billion years later, the planet had cooled,
[00:14.00]and the continents and the great bodies of water had formed.
[00:15.00]4 About 3.5 billion years ago, another great change occurred.
[00:16.00]The oceans began to develop an enormous system of living things,
[00:17.00]with many diverse forms of life,
[00:18.00]all dependent on one another.
[00:19.00]The first animals on this living sphere, the Earth,
[00:20.00]were primitive marine animals,
[00:21.00]and then around 500 million years ago these sea animals developed shells.
[00:22.00]Seventy million years later, the first fish appeared.
[00:23.00]Next, insects developed, about 400 million years ago.
[00:24.00]After another 200 million years,
[00:25.00]dinosaurs and the first mammals walked the Earth.
[00:26.00]About 200 million years ago,
[00:27.00]warm-blooded animals took to the air — the first birds.
[00:28.00]Fifty million years later,
[00:29.00]both birds and mammals were well established.
[00:30.00]About three million years ago, scientists believe,
[00:31.00]the first human beings walked the Earth.
[00:32.00]Life was now flourishing.
[00:33.00]5 In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,
[00:34.00]human beings have just arrived.
[00:35.00]Despite their short time on Earth, however,
[00:36.00]people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet
[00:37.00]— changes far out of proportion to the interval of time
[00:38.00]they have occupied it.
[00:39.00]6 People Try to Control Resources
[00:40.00]7 People have more control over their surroundings
[00:41.00]than any other species on Earth.
[00:42.00]With the combination of intelligence and manual skill
[00:43.00](allowing us to make and use tools),
[00:44.00]people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,
[00:45.00]mineral ores, fuels, and many other of Earth\'s materials and resources.
[00:46.00]8 As the number of people on Earth increases,
[00:47.00]it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive
[00:48.00]on the resources of the land.
[00:49.00]The amount of land is limited.
[00:50.00]Although agricultural production can be increased
[00:51.00]by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,
[00:52.00]the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
[00:53.00]As the human population grows, people consume more.
[00:54.00]Clearly, some locations on Earth already have too many people;
[00:55.00]in many of these areas,
[00:56.00]future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering.
[00:57.00]Yet people in rich nations use proportionally
[00:58.00]far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.
[00:59.00]As they consume these resources without restraint,
[-1:00.00]they also waste large amounts of them.
[-1:-1.00]9 People are only a very small fraction
[-1:-2.00]of all the living things on the planet.
[-1:-3.00]Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can\'t be renewed.
[-1:-4.00]For example, the amount of water on Earth is limited;
[-1:-5.00]this water is cleaned through natural processes.
[-1:-6.00]However, the natural processes for filtering water
[-1:-7.00]can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.
[-1:-8.00]10 Likewise, a limited amount of petroleum
[-1:-9.00]can be found under the Earth\'s surface.
[-1:10.00]Petroleum is a valuable resource.
[-1:11.00]Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?
[-1:12.00]As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,
[-1:13.00]are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?
[-1:14.00]11 The Balance of Nature
[-1:15.00]12 All natural systems tend toward balance among opposing factors or forces.
[-1:16.00]Human activities can cause or accelerate
[-1:17.00]permanent changes in natural systems.
[-1:18.00]The smoke of one small fire causes no harm to the environment.
[-1:19.00]Natural cleaning processes can clean the particles of smoke from the air.
[-1:20.00]However, the collective smoke from thousands of factories,
[-1:21.00]over the past two centuries,
[-1:22.00]has caused enormous increases in air pollution levels worldwide.
[-1:23.00]Cleaning this smoke has exceeded the protective ability of natural processes.
[-1:24.00]The forests cannot clean the air fast enough.
[-1:25.00]13 In spite of rapid population increase and industrial growth,
[-1:26.00]some groups of people, often in remote areas,
[-1:27.00]have been able to live in harmony with the planet.
[-1:28.00]These people have not changed their ways of living
[-1:29.00]from the ways of their ancestors.
[-1:30.00]Called native people,
[-1:31.00]they retain the ways of life
[-1:32.00]that have remained unchanged for many generations.
[-1:33.00]Many of their cultural values and ways of life
[-1:34.00]include practices that return resources to the Earth.
[-1:35.00]14 Human population growth is creating food shortages,
[-1:36.00]problems of air quality,
[-1:37.00]and changes in weather patterns.
[-1:38.00]What is destroying rain forests and ruining the land and seas?
[-1:39.00]What causes the acid rain
[-1:40.00]that forms from water passing through polluted air?
[-1:41.00]Why is there the threat of global warming?
[-1:42.00]All these harmful results come from the too much use of resources
[-1:43.00]and the human struggle to control the environment.
[-1:44.00]15 The twentieth century began with powerful countries
[-1:45.00]competing to take advantage of the Earth.
[-1:46.00]As an outcome of their hunger for empires,
[-1:47.00]the Earth was abused.
[-1:48.00]Now people all over the world are living
[-1:49.00]with the problems caused by this abuse.
[-1:50.00]Now that they are no longer ignorant of the causes
[-1:51.00]of hte sickness of our planet,
[-1:52.00]they seek ways to help the Earth,
[-1:53.00]to give back what they take away.
[-1:54.00]Previously, mankind only used the Earth.
[-1:55.00]Now everyone must protect planet Earth,
[-1:56.00]a planet in danger.
新视野大学英语第三册 新视野大学英语第三版第三册 新视野大学英语第三版第三册答案 新视野大学英语 新视野大学英语2 新视野大学英语1 新视野大学英语3 新视野大
[00:00.00]，就把hxen.com复制到QQ个人资料中！Changes in the Balance of Nature
[00:-1.00]1 Perceptions are relative.
[00:-2.00]2 A single tree may seem large compared to a person.
[00:-3.00]If you compare it to a mountain,however,
[00:-4.00]the large tree seems small.
[00:-5.00]In other words, things in nature are large or small,
[00:-6.00]new or old, only in accordance with the measures
[00:-7.00]and the comparisons involved.
[00:-8.00]3 During the duration of one human lifetime,
[00:-9.00]not many things change. Even trees live longer than people,
[00:10.00]and the Earth itself is far older.
[00:11.00]The Earth was formed about five billion years ago from a rotating,
[00:12.00]circular cloud of dust and gases such as hydrogen and nitrogen.
[00:13.00]A billion years later, the planet had cooled,
[00:14.00]and the continents and the great bodies of water had formed.
[00:15.00]4 About 3.5 billion years ago, another great change occurred.
[00:16.00]The oceans began to develop an enormous system of living things,
[00:17.00]with many diverse forms of life,
[00:18.00]all dependent on one another.
[00:19.00]The first animals on this living sphere, the Earth,
[00:20.00]were primitive marine animals,
[00:21.00]and then around 500 million years ago these sea animals developed shells.
[00:22.00]Seventy million years later, the first fish appeared.
[00:23.00]Next, insects developed, about 400 million years ago.
[00:24.00]After another 200 million years,
[00:25.00]dinosaurs and the first mammals walked the Earth.
[00:26.00]About 200 million years ago,
[00:27.00]warm-blooded animals took to the air — the first birds.
[00:28.00]Fifty million years later,
[00:29.00]both birds and mammals were well established.
[00:30.00]About three million years ago, scientists believe,
[00:31.00]the first human beings walked the Earth.
[00:32.00]Life was now flourishing.
[00:33.00]5 In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,
[00:34.00]human beings have just arrived.
[00:35.00]Despite their short time on Earth, however,
[00:36.00]people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet
[00:37.00]— changes far out of proportion to the interval of time
[00:38.00]they have occupied it.
[00:39.00]6 People Try to Control Resources
[00:40.00]7 People have more control over their surroundings
[00:41.00]than any other species on Earth.
[00:42.00]With the combination of intelligence and manual skill
[00:43.00](allowing us to make and use tools),
[00:44.00]people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,
[00:45.00]mineral ores, fuels, and many other of Earth\'s materials and resources.
[00:46.00]8 As the number of people on Earth increases,
[00:47.00]it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive
[00:48.00]on the resources of the land.
[00:49.00]The amount of land is limited.
[00:50.00]Although agricultural production can be increased
[00:51.00]by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,
[00:52.00]the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
[00:53.00]As the human population grows, people consume more.
[00:54.00]Clearly, some locations on Earth already have too many people;
[00:55.00]in many of these areas,
[00:56.00]future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering.
[00:57.00]Yet people in rich nations use proportionally
[00:58.00]far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.
[00:59.00]As they consume these resources without restraint,
[-1:00.00]they also waste large amounts of them.
[-1:-1.00]9 People are only a very small fraction
[-1:-2.00]of all the living things on the planet.
[-1:-3.00]Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can\'t be renewed.
[-1:-4.00]For example, the amount of water on Earth is limited;
[-1:-5.00]this water is cleaned through natural processes.
[-1:-6.00]However, the natural processes for filtering water
[-1:-7.00]can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.
[-1:-8.00]10 Likewise, a limited amount of petroleum
[-1:-9.00]can be found under the Earth\'s surface.
[-1:10.00]Petroleum is a valuable resource.
[-1:11.00]Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?
[-1:12.00]As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,
[-1:13.00]are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?
[-1:14.00]11 The Balance of Nature
[-1:15.00]12 All natural systems tend toward balance among opposing factors or forces.
[-1:16.00]Human activities can cause or accelerate
[-1:17.00]permanent changes in natural systems.
[-1:18.00]The smoke of one small fire causes no harm to the environment.
[-1:19.00]Natural cleaning processes can clean the particles of smoke from the air.
[-1:20.00]However, the collective smoke from thousands of factories,
[-1:21.00]over the past two centuries,
[-1:22.00]has caused enormous increases in air pollution levels worldwide.
[-1:23.00]Cleaning this smoke has exceeded the protective ability of natural processes.
[-1:24.00]The forests cannot clean the air fast enough.
[-1:25.00]13 In spite of rapid population increase and industrial growth,
[-1:26.00]some groups of people, often in remote areas,
[-1:27.00]have been able to live in harmony with the planet.
[-1:28.00]These people have not changed their ways of living
[-1:29.00]from the ways of their ancestors.
[-1:30.00]Called native people,
[-1:31.00]they retain the ways of life
[-1:32.00]that have remained unchanged for many generations.
[-1:33.00]Many of their cultural values and ways of life
[-1:34.00]include practices that return resources to the Earth.
[-1:35.00]14 Human population growth is creating food shortages,
[-1:36.00]problems of air quality,
[-1:37.00]and changes in weather patterns.
[-1:38.00]What is destroying rain forests and ruining the land and seas?
[-1:39.00]What causes the acid rain
[-1:40.00]that forms from water passing through polluted air?
[-1:41.00]Why is there the threat of global warming?
[-1:42.00]All these harmful results come from the too much use of resources
[-1:43.00]and the human struggle to control the environment.
[-1:44.00]15 The twentieth century began with powerful countries
[-1:45.00]competing to take advantage of the Earth.
[-1:46.00]As an outcome of their hunger for empires,
[-1:47.00]the Earth was abused.
[-1:48.00]Now people all over the world are living
[-1:49.00]with the problems caused by this abuse.
[-1:50.00]Now that they are no longer ignorant of the causes
[-1:51.00]of hte sickness of our planet,
[-1:52.00]they seek ways to help the Earth,
[-1:53.00]to give back what they take away.
[-1:54.00]Previously, mankind only used the Earth.
[-1:55.00]Now everyone must protect planet Earth,
[-1:56.00]a planet in danger.
新视野大学英语第三册 新视野大学英语第三版第三册 新视野大学英语第三版第三册答案 新视野大学英语 新视野大学英语2 新视野大学英语1 新视野大学英语3 新视野大
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