大学英语精读听力第三册 unit10
[00:00.00]Alvin Toffler writes about the fact
[00:25.34]that technology is advancing much faster today
[00:29.34]than ever before in history.
[00:32.44]The symbols of technology are no longer factory smokestacks
[00:37.43]or assembly lines.
[00:40.12]As we are headed for the future, the pace will quicken still further
[00:45.40]THE FANTASTIC SPURT IN TECHNOLOGY A. Toffler
[00:51.80]To most people the term technolgy
[00:55.80]conjures up images of smoky steel mills or noisy machines.
[01:01.18]Perhaps the class representation of technology
[01:05.49]is still the assembly line created
[01:08.57]by Henry Ford half a century ago
[01:12.36]and made into a social symbol
[01:15.26]by Charlie Chaplin in Modern Times.
[01:19.05]This symble, however, has always been inadequate and misleading,
[01:24.43]for technology has always been more than factories and machines.
[01:29.73]The invention of the horse collar in the middle ages
[01:34.33]led to major changes in agricultural methods
[01:38.43]and was as much a technological advance
[01:41.93]as the invention of the Bessemer furnace centuries later.
[01:46.92]Moreover, technology includes techniques,
[01:51.80]or ways to do things,as well as the machines
[01:56.01]that may or may not be neessary to apply them.
[02:00.11]It includes ways to make chemical reactions occur
[02:05.10]ways to breed fish, plat forests, light theaters
[02:10.19]count votes or teach history.
[02:13.49]The old symbols of technology are even more misleading today
[02:18.87]when the most advanced technological processes
[02:23.05]are carried out for from assembly lines or blast furnaces
[02:28.45]Indeed, in electronics, in space technology
[02:33.05]in most of the new industries
[02:36.16]quiet and clean surroundings are characteristic
[02:40.16]even sometimes essential.
[02:43.24]And the assembly line
[02:45.72]the organization of large numbers of men to carry out simple
[02:51.02]repetitive functions-is outdated.
[02:54.63]It is time for our symbols of technology to change
[02:59.23]to catch up with the quickening changes in technology itself
[03:04.14]This acceleration is frequently dramatized
[03:08.32]by a brief accout of the progress in transportation.
[03:12.60]It has been pointed out, for example
[03:16.00]that in 6000 BC the fastest transportation available to man
[03:21.90]over long distances was the camle caravan
[03:25.90]averaging eight miles per hour(mph).
[03:29.11]It was not until about 1600 BC
[03:33.60]when the chariot was invented that the maximum speed
[03:37.99]was raised to roughly twenty miles per hour.
[03:42.20]So impressive was this invention
[03:46.19]so difficult was it to exceed this speed limit
[03:50.30]that nearly 3,500 years later
[03:54.00]when the first mail coach began operating in England in 1784
[03:59.91]it averaged a mere ten mph
[04:03.70]The first steam locomotive,introduced in 1825
[04:09.00]could have a top speed of only thirteen mph
[04:13.49]and the great sailing ships of the time labored along
[04:17.70]at less than half that speed.
[04:20.99]It was probably not until the 1880\'s that man,
[04:26.16]with the help of a more advanced steam locomotive,
[04:30.84]managed to reach a speed of one hundred mph.
[04:35.23]It took the human race millions of years to attain that record.
[04:40.22]It took only fifty-eight years,however,to go four times that fast
[04:46.51]so that by 1938 men in airplanes were traveling at better than 400 mph
[04:54.19]It took a mere twenty-year flick of time to double the limit again
[04:59.89]And by the 1960\'s rocket plane approached speeds of 4,000 mph
[05:06.96]and men in space capsules were circling the earth at 18,000 mph
[05:14.07]Whether we examine distances traveled, altitudes reached,
[05:19.66]or minerals mined, the same accelerative trend is abvious
[05:25.67]The pattern, here and in a thousand other statistical series
[05:31.08]is absolutely clear and unmistakable
[05:35.07]Thousands of years go by, and then, in our own times
[05:40.06]a sudden bursting of the limits, a fantastic spurt forward
[05:45.68]The reason for this is that technology feeds on itself
[05:51.06]Technology makes more technology possible
[05:55.34]as we can see if we look for a moment at the process of innovation
[06:00.44]Technological innovation consists of three stages
[06:05.24]linked together into a self-reinforcing cycle
[06:09.63]First, there is the creative, feasible idea
[06:14.80]Second, its practical application. Third,its diffusion through society
[06:21.88]The process is completed, the loop closed,
[06:26.48]when the diffusion of technology embodying new idea,
[06:31.26]in turn, helps generate new creative ideas.
[06:36.07]Today there is evidence that the time between each of the steps
[06:40.77]in this cycle has been shortened.
[06:43.46]Thus it is not merely true, as frequently noted
[06:48.56]that 90 percent of all the scientists who ever lived are now alive
[06:54.04]and that new scientific discoveries are being made every day
[06:59.13]These new ideas are put to work much more quickly than ever before
[07:05.14]The time between the first and second stages of the cycle
[07:09.64]between idea and application has been radically reduced.
[07:14.94]This is a striking difference between ourselves and our ancestors.
[07:20.53]It is not that we are more eager or less lazy than our ancestors
[07:26.22]but we have, with the passage of time
[07:29.72]invented all sorts of social devices to hasten the process.
[07:35.00]But if it takes less time to bring a new idea to the marketplace
[07:40.70]it also takes less time for it to sweep through the society
[07:45.89]For example, the refrigerator was introduced
[07:50.60]in the United States before 1920
[07:54.38]yet its peak production did not come until more than thirty years later
[07:59.90]However, by 1950 --in only a few years
[08:05.09]television had grown from a laboratory novelty
[08:09.59]to the biggest part of show business.
[08:12.88]So the interval between the second and third stages of the cycle
[08:18.49]between application and diffusion
[08:21.79]has likewise been cut, and the pace of diffusion
[08:25.99]is rising with astonishing speed.
[08:29.49]The stepped-up pace of invention, application and diffusion
[08:34.59]in turn, accelerates the whole cycle still further
[08:39.50]For new machines or techniques are not merely a product
[08:44.49]but a source, of fresh creative ideas
[08:49.08]fantastic
[08:58.84]奇异的
[09:08.60]spurt
[09:10.00]迸发
[09:11.39]conjure
[09:12.69]恳求
[09:13.98]smoky
[09:15.18]烟状的
[09:16.38]mill
[09:17.64]制造厂
[09:18.89]classic
[09:20.09]不朽的
[09:21.29]representation
[09:22.74]代表
[09:24.19]represent
[09:25.64]象征
[09:27.09]symbol
[09:28.29]象征
[09:29.50]inadequate
[09:31.04]不适当的
[09:32.58]misleading
[09:33.94]令人误解的
[09:35.29]mislead
[09:36.59]误导
[09:37.88]invention
[09:39.38]发明
[09:40.88]horse collar
[09:42.33]马轭
[09:43.78]agricultural
[09:45.23]农业的
[09:46.68]furnace
[09:48.03]炉子
[09:49.37]apply
[09:50.56]应用
[09:51.75]occur
[09:52.90]发生
[09:54.05]breed
[09:55.29]饲养
[09:56.53]vote
[09:57.73]选票
[09:58.94]advanced
[10:00.28]高级的
[10:01.63]blast
[10:02.88]催毁
[10:04.13]blast furnace
[10:05.58]催毁
[10:07.03]electronics
[10:08.59]电子学
[10:10.14]surroundings
[10:11.38]环境
[10:12.62]characteristic
[10:13.97]表示特性的
[10:15.31]essential
[10:16.71]本质的
[10:18.11]organization
[10:19.40]组织
[10:20.70]repetitive
[10:22.24]重复的
[10:23.78]repetition
[10:25.18]重复
[10:26.57]function
[10:27.93]职责
[10:29.29]outdated
[10:30.58]过时的
[10:31.88]quicken
[10:33.23]加快
[10:34.59]acceleration
[10:35.99]加速的
[10:37.39]dramatize
[10:38.89]改编成为戏剧
[10:40.39]account
[10:41.68]计算
[10:42.98]transportation
[10:44.48]运输
[10:45.98]transport
[10:47.54]传送
[10:49.09]BC
[10:50.44]公元前
[10:51.78]available
[10:53.34]可获得的
[10:54.89]camel
[10:56.18]骆驼
[10:57.48]caravan
[10:58.83]（往返于沙漠地带的）商队
[11:00.19]average
[11:01.54]平均为
[11:02.88]per
[11:04.14]每
[11:05.39]mph
[11:07.99]时速
[11:10.59]chariot
[11:12.04]（古时）双轮马拉战车
[11:13.49]maximum
[11:14.89]最大量
[11:16.28]roughly
[11:17.73]概略地
[11:19.18]impressive
[11:20.58]给人深刻印象的
[11:21.98]exceed
[11:23.43]超过
[11:24.88]coach
[11:26.22]四轮大马车
[11:27.57]operate
[11:28.86]操作
[11:30.16]mere
[11:31.30]仅仅的
[11:32.45]locomotive
[11:33.85]火车头
[11:35.25]race
[11:36.56]比赛
[11:37.86]airplane
[11:39.15]飞机
[11:40.45]flick
[11:41.65]急速
[11:42.85]rocket
[11:44.10]火箭
[11:45.36]capsule
[11:46.70]宇宙密封舱
[11:48.05]altitude
[11:49.50]高度
[11:50.95]mineral
[11:52.20]矿石
[11:53.46]accelerative
[11:55.21]加速的
[11:56.96]trend
[11:58.21]倾向
[11:59.46]pattern
[12:00.61]模式
[12:01.76]statistical
[12:03.16]统计的
[12:04.56]unmistakable
[12:06.01]明白的
[12:07.46]innovation
[12:08.71]革新
[12:09.97]stage
[12:11.42]阶段
[12:12.87]cycle
[12:13.96]循环
[12:15.06]feasible
[12:16.35]可行的
[12:17.65]diffusion
[12:18.78]扩散
[12:19.92]embody
[12:21.21]体现
[12:22.50]generate
[12:23.80]发生
[12:25.09]shorten
[12:26.44]缩短
[12:27.78]scientific
[12:29.18]科学的
[12:30.58]radically
[12:31.88]根本上
[12:33.19]radical
[12:34.48]根本的
[12:35.77]reduce
[12:37.12]减少
[12:38.47]striking
[12:39.76]显著的
[12:41.05]ancestor
[12:42.45]祖先
[12:43.85]marketplace
[12:45.24]集会场所
[12:46.64]refrigerator
[12:48.08]冰箱
[12:49.52]friger
[12:50.65]冰箱
[12:51.79]peak
[12:53.22]顶峰
[12:54.66]novelty
[12:55.95]新奇的事物
[12:57.25]novel
[12:58.70]新颖的
[13:00.15]likewise
[13:01.30]同样地照样地
[13:02.45]astonishing
[13:03.75]可惊异的
[13:05.06]astonish
[13:06.30]使惊讶
[13:07.54]stepped-up
[13:08.69]行走
[13:09.84]accelerate
[13:11.09]加速
[13:12.35]phrases and expressions
[13:17.05]conjure up
[13:18.15]使联想起
[13:19.24]labo(u)r along
[13:20.80]缓慢地向前行
[13:22.35]go by
[13:23.70]经过
[13:25.04]feed on
[13:26.40]以什么为能源
[13:27.76]in turn
[13:29.16]依次
[13:30.55]put to work
[13:31.85]投入工作
[13:33.14]proper names
[13:36.64]Henry Ford
[13:39.15]Charlie Chaplin
[13:42.05]Bessemer 大学英语精读第三册第三版 大学英语精读第三册答案 大学英语精读第三版第三册答案 大学英语精读第三册课文 大学英语精读1 大学英语精读3 大学英语精读2 大学英语
[00:25.34]that technology is advancing much faster today
[00:29.34]than ever before in history.
[00:32.44]The symbols of technology are no longer factory smokestacks
[00:37.43]or assembly lines.
[00:40.12]As we are headed for the future, the pace will quicken still further
[00:45.40]THE FANTASTIC SPURT IN TECHNOLOGY A. Toffler
[00:51.80]To most people the term technolgy
[00:55.80]conjures up images of smoky steel mills or noisy machines.
[01:01.18]Perhaps the class representation of technology
[01:05.49]is still the assembly line created
[01:08.57]by Henry Ford half a century ago
[01:12.36]and made into a social symbol
[01:15.26]by Charlie Chaplin in Modern Times.
[01:19.05]This symble, however, has always been inadequate and misleading,
[01:24.43]for technology has always been more than factories and machines.
[01:29.73]The invention of the horse collar in the middle ages
[01:34.33]led to major changes in agricultural methods
[01:38.43]and was as much a technological advance
[01:41.93]as the invention of the Bessemer furnace centuries later.
[01:46.92]Moreover, technology includes techniques,
[01:51.80]or ways to do things,as well as the machines
[01:56.01]that may or may not be neessary to apply them.
[02:00.11]It includes ways to make chemical reactions occur
[02:05.10]ways to breed fish, plat forests, light theaters
[02:10.19]count votes or teach history.
[02:13.49]The old symbols of technology are even more misleading today
[02:18.87]when the most advanced technological processes
[02:23.05]are carried out for from assembly lines or blast furnaces
[02:28.45]Indeed, in electronics, in space technology
[02:33.05]in most of the new industries
[02:36.16]quiet and clean surroundings are characteristic
[02:40.16]even sometimes essential.
[02:43.24]And the assembly line
[02:45.72]the organization of large numbers of men to carry out simple
[02:51.02]repetitive functions-is outdated.
[02:54.63]It is time for our symbols of technology to change
[02:59.23]to catch up with the quickening changes in technology itself
[03:04.14]This acceleration is frequently dramatized
[03:08.32]by a brief accout of the progress in transportation.
[03:12.60]It has been pointed out, for example
[03:16.00]that in 6000 BC the fastest transportation available to man
[03:21.90]over long distances was the camle caravan
[03:25.90]averaging eight miles per hour(mph).
[03:29.11]It was not until about 1600 BC
[03:33.60]when the chariot was invented that the maximum speed
[03:37.99]was raised to roughly twenty miles per hour.
[03:42.20]So impressive was this invention
[03:46.19]so difficult was it to exceed this speed limit
[03:50.30]that nearly 3,500 years later
[03:54.00]when the first mail coach began operating in England in 1784
[03:59.91]it averaged a mere ten mph
[04:03.70]The first steam locomotive,introduced in 1825
[04:09.00]could have a top speed of only thirteen mph
[04:13.49]and the great sailing ships of the time labored along
[04:17.70]at less than half that speed.
[04:20.99]It was probably not until the 1880\'s that man,
[04:26.16]with the help of a more advanced steam locomotive,
[04:30.84]managed to reach a speed of one hundred mph.
[04:35.23]It took the human race millions of years to attain that record.
[04:40.22]It took only fifty-eight years,however,to go four times that fast
[04:46.51]so that by 1938 men in airplanes were traveling at better than 400 mph
[04:54.19]It took a mere twenty-year flick of time to double the limit again
[04:59.89]And by the 1960\'s rocket plane approached speeds of 4,000 mph
[05:06.96]and men in space capsules were circling the earth at 18,000 mph
[05:14.07]Whether we examine distances traveled, altitudes reached,
[05:19.66]or minerals mined, the same accelerative trend is abvious
[05:25.67]The pattern, here and in a thousand other statistical series
[05:31.08]is absolutely clear and unmistakable
[05:35.07]Thousands of years go by, and then, in our own times
[05:40.06]a sudden bursting of the limits, a fantastic spurt forward
[05:45.68]The reason for this is that technology feeds on itself
[05:51.06]Technology makes more technology possible
[05:55.34]as we can see if we look for a moment at the process of innovation
[06:00.44]Technological innovation consists of three stages
[06:05.24]linked together into a self-reinforcing cycle
[06:09.63]First, there is the creative, feasible idea
[06:14.80]Second, its practical application. Third,its diffusion through society
[06:21.88]The process is completed, the loop closed,
[06:26.48]when the diffusion of technology embodying new idea,
[06:31.26]in turn, helps generate new creative ideas.
[06:36.07]Today there is evidence that the time between each of the steps
[06:40.77]in this cycle has been shortened.
[06:43.46]Thus it is not merely true, as frequently noted
[06:48.56]that 90 percent of all the scientists who ever lived are now alive
[06:54.04]and that new scientific discoveries are being made every day
[06:59.13]These new ideas are put to work much more quickly than ever before
[07:05.14]The time between the first and second stages of the cycle
[07:09.64]between idea and application has been radically reduced.
[07:14.94]This is a striking difference between ourselves and our ancestors.
[07:20.53]It is not that we are more eager or less lazy than our ancestors
[07:26.22]but we have, with the passage of time
[07:29.72]invented all sorts of social devices to hasten the process.
[07:35.00]But if it takes less time to bring a new idea to the marketplace
[07:40.70]it also takes less time for it to sweep through the society
[07:45.89]For example, the refrigerator was introduced
[07:50.60]in the United States before 1920
[07:54.38]yet its peak production did not come until more than thirty years later
[07:59.90]However, by 1950 --in only a few years
[08:05.09]television had grown from a laboratory novelty
[08:09.59]to the biggest part of show business.
[08:12.88]So the interval between the second and third stages of the cycle
[08:18.49]between application and diffusion
[08:21.79]has likewise been cut, and the pace of diffusion
[08:25.99]is rising with astonishing speed.
[08:29.49]The stepped-up pace of invention, application and diffusion
[08:34.59]in turn, accelerates the whole cycle still further
[08:39.50]For new machines or techniques are not merely a product
[08:44.49]but a source, of fresh creative ideas
[08:49.08]fantastic
[08:58.84]奇异的
[09:08.60]spurt
[09:10.00]迸发
[09:11.39]conjure
[09:12.69]恳求
[09:13.98]smoky
[09:15.18]烟状的
[09:16.38]mill
[09:17.64]制造厂
[09:18.89]classic
[09:20.09]不朽的
[09:21.29]representation
[09:22.74]代表
[09:24.19]represent
[09:25.64]象征
[09:27.09]symbol
[09:28.29]象征
[09:29.50]inadequate
[09:31.04]不适当的
[09:32.58]misleading
[09:33.94]令人误解的
[09:35.29]mislead
[09:36.59]误导
[09:37.88]invention
[09:39.38]发明
[09:40.88]horse collar
[09:42.33]马轭
[09:43.78]agricultural
[09:45.23]农业的
[09:46.68]furnace
[09:48.03]炉子
[09:49.37]apply
[09:50.56]应用
[09:51.75]occur
[09:52.90]发生
[09:54.05]breed
[09:55.29]饲养
[09:56.53]vote
[09:57.73]选票
[09:58.94]advanced
[10:00.28]高级的
[10:01.63]blast
[10:02.88]催毁
[10:04.13]blast furnace
[10:05.58]催毁
[10:07.03]electronics
[10:08.59]电子学
[10:10.14]surroundings
[10:11.38]环境
[10:12.62]characteristic
[10:13.97]表示特性的
[10:15.31]essential
[10:16.71]本质的
[10:18.11]organization
[10:19.40]组织
[10:20.70]repetitive
[10:22.24]重复的
[10:23.78]repetition
[10:25.18]重复
[10:26.57]function
[10:27.93]职责
[10:29.29]outdated
[10:30.58]过时的
[10:31.88]quicken
[10:33.23]加快
[10:34.59]acceleration
[10:35.99]加速的
[10:37.39]dramatize
[10:38.89]改编成为戏剧
[10:40.39]account
[10:41.68]计算
[10:42.98]transportation
[10:44.48]运输
[10:45.98]transport
[10:47.54]传送
[10:49.09]BC
[10:50.44]公元前
[10:51.78]available
[10:53.34]可获得的
[10:54.89]camel
[10:56.18]骆驼
[10:57.48]caravan
[10:58.83]（往返于沙漠地带的）商队
[11:00.19]average
[11:01.54]平均为
[11:02.88]per
[11:04.14]每
[11:05.39]mph
[11:07.99]时速
[11:10.59]chariot
[11:12.04]（古时）双轮马拉战车
[11:13.49]maximum
[11:14.89]最大量
[11:16.28]roughly
[11:17.73]概略地
[11:19.18]impressive
[11:20.58]给人深刻印象的
[11:21.98]exceed
[11:23.43]超过
[11:24.88]coach
[11:26.22]四轮大马车
[11:27.57]operate
[11:28.86]操作
[11:30.16]mere
[11:31.30]仅仅的
[11:32.45]locomotive
[11:33.85]火车头
[11:35.25]race
[11:36.56]比赛
[11:37.86]airplane
[11:39.15]飞机
[11:40.45]flick
[11:41.65]急速
[11:42.85]rocket
[11:44.10]火箭
[11:45.36]capsule
[11:46.70]宇宙密封舱
[11:48.05]altitude
[11:49.50]高度
[11:50.95]mineral
[11:52.20]矿石
[11:53.46]accelerative
[11:55.21]加速的
[11:56.96]trend
[11:58.21]倾向
[11:59.46]pattern
[12:00.61]模式
[12:01.76]statistical
[12:03.16]统计的
[12:04.56]unmistakable
[12:06.01]明白的
[12:07.46]innovation
[12:08.71]革新
[12:09.97]stage
[12:11.42]阶段
[12:12.87]cycle
[12:13.96]循环
[12:15.06]feasible
[12:16.35]可行的
[12:17.65]diffusion
[12:18.78]扩散
[12:19.92]embody
[12:21.21]体现
[12:22.50]generate
[12:23.80]发生
[12:25.09]shorten
[12:26.44]缩短
[12:27.78]scientific
[12:29.18]科学的
[12:30.58]radically
[12:31.88]根本上
[12:33.19]radical
[12:34.48]根本的
[12:35.77]reduce
[12:37.12]减少
[12:38.47]striking
[12:39.76]显著的
[12:41.05]ancestor
[12:42.45]祖先
[12:43.85]marketplace
[12:45.24]集会场所
[12:46.64]refrigerator
[12:48.08]冰箱
[12:49.52]friger
[12:50.65]冰箱
[12:51.79]peak
[12:53.22]顶峰
[12:54.66]novelty
[12:55.95]新奇的事物
[12:57.25]novel
[12:58.70]新颖的
[13:00.15]likewise
[13:01.30]同样地照样地
[13:02.45]astonishing
[13:03.75]可惊异的
[13:05.06]astonish
[13:06.30]使惊讶
[13:07.54]stepped-up
[13:08.69]行走
[13:09.84]accelerate
[13:11.09]加速
[13:12.35]phrases and expressions
[13:17.05]conjure up
[13:18.15]使联想起
[13:19.24]labo(u)r along
[13:20.80]缓慢地向前行
[13:22.35]go by
[13:23.70]经过
[13:25.04]feed on
[13:26.40]以什么为能源
[13:27.76]in turn
[13:29.16]依次
[13:30.55]put to work
[13:31.85]投入工作
[13:33.14]proper names
[13:36.64]Henry Ford
[13:39.15]Charlie Chaplin
[13:42.05]Bessemer 大学英语精读第三册第三版 大学英语精读第三册答案 大学英语精读第三版第三册答案 大学英语精读第三册课文 大学英语精读1 大学英语精读3 大学英语精读2 大学英语
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