联合国人权理事会开始收集缅甸犯罪记录

The U.N. Human Rights Council agreed Thursday to set up a team that will document alleged crimes committed by the Myanmar government against the country’s Rohingya minority.

The 47-member council voted 35-3 in favor of creating an “independent mechanism” that will follow up on a previous fact-finding commission.

“The new mechanism mandated today will collect and preserve evidence and prepare case files for any future criminal prosecution of those responsible for some of the gravest crimes under international law,” said Tirana Hassan of Amnesty International in a statement, calling for the U.N. Security Council to refer the matter to the International Criminal Court.

More than 700,000 members of the mostly Muslim Rohingya have fled to neighboring Bangladesh from Rakhine state since the largely Buddhist government of Myanmar began a widespread crackdown across the region in 2017 in response to of series of attacks committed by Rohingya militants.

International observers have accused the Myanmar military of burning villages and committing mass rape, torture and murder. The U.N. has referred to the situation as a “textbook case of ethnic cleansing.”

Rohingya have long dealt with discrimination at the hands of the government of Myanmar. The group has been denied citizenship for decades, essentially rendering its members stateless.

由47名成员组成的人权理事会以35票对3票赞成建立一个“独立机制”，对之前一个事实调查委员会的调查结果进行跟进。

大赦国际在一份声明中呼吁联合国安理会将此事提交国际刑事法院，声明说，“今天授权的新机制将收集和保存证据并准备案件档案，以便今后对那些应对国际法规定的一些极为严重罪行负责的人进行刑事追究。”

缅甸以佛教徒为主的政府在罗兴亚武装分子发动一系列袭击之后，于2017年开始对若开邦地区展开大规模镇压行动，导致70多万名穆斯林为主的罗兴亚人逃往邻国孟加拉国。

国际观察员指责缅甸军队烧毁村庄并实施大规模强奸、酷刑和杀戮。联合国将这种情况称为“种族清洗的标准案例”。

罗兴亚长期以来受到缅甸政府的歧视。罗兴亚人几十年来一直无法获得公民身份，基本上成为无国籍的人。