胡锦涛G20金融峰会上的讲话 [双语]

携手合作　同舟共济
——在二十国集团领导人第二次金融峰会上的讲话
（2009年4月2日，英国伦敦）
中华人民共和国主席　胡锦涛

Let Us Join Hands and Tide over Difficulties Together
Remarks by H.E. Hu Jintao
President of the People’s Republic of China
At the Second G20 Financial Summit
London, 2 April 2009
 

尊敬的布朗首相，
各位同事：

The Rt. Hon. Prime Minister Gordon Brown,
Dear Colleagues,

很高兴在春暖花开的时节来到伦敦，同各位同事共商应对国际金融危机、恢复世界经济增长之策。首先，我对布朗首相的盛情邀请和周到安排表示衷心的感谢！

I am pleased to come to London in this balmy spring season and join you in discussing ways to tackle the global financial crisis and restore world economic growth. Let me first of all express sincere thanks to Prime Minister Brown for his kind invitation and thoughtful arrangements.

4个多月前，我们在华盛顿出席金融市场和世界经济峰会，就合作应对国际金融危机、加强金融监管、推进国际金融体系改革等问题达成一系列共识。华盛顿峰会以来，各国纷纷推出稳定金融、刺激经济的政策举措并取得初步成效，国际金融体系改革前期工作正在展开。当前，国际金融危机仍在蔓延和深化，对全球实体经济的冲击日益显现，世界经济金融形势依然复杂严峻，不少国家经济陷入衰退、社会稳定面临巨大挑战。

More than four months ago, we met at the Washington Summit on Financial Markets and World Economy. At that Summit, we reached a series of agreement on working together to counter the global financial crisis, strengthen financial regulation and promote reform of the international financial system. Since then, countries around the world have adopted policies to stabilize the financial sector and stimulate economic growth, which have produced initial results. Preliminary work has begun in reforming the international financial system. The international financial crisis, however, is still spreading and deepening, and its impact on the global real economy is becoming more and more evident. The world economic and financial situation remains complex and grave. Quite a number of countries have slid into economic recession and are confronted with severe challenges in maintaining social stability.

当前，最紧迫的任务是全力恢复世界经济增长，防止其陷入严重衰退；反对各种形式的保护主义，维护开放自由的贸易投资环境；加快推进相关改革，重建国际金融秩序。我们应该进一步落实国际社会达成的共识，树立更坚定的信心，采取更有效的措施，开展更广泛的合作，实施更合理的改革，努力取得实质性成果。

The most pressing task now is to make every effort to restore global economic growth and prevent a serious recession, oppose all forms of protectionism and maintain an open and free environment for trade and investment, speed up reform and reshape the international financial order. We should follow through on the international consensus, enhance confidence, take more effective measures, broaden cooperation, conduct more rational reforms and strive for substantive results.

第一，进一步坚定信心。经过长期发展，世界经济形成了坚实的物质技术基础，我们具备应对国际金融危机的客观条件。各国宏观调控工具明显增多，调控的针对性和有效性大为增强，我们具备应对国际金融危机的政策手段。国际社会愿意加强协调和合作，我们具备应对国际金融危机的共同意愿。只要我们坚定信心、共同努力，就一定能渡过难关，实现我们共同确定的目标。

1. Further strengthen confidence. We have the enabling conditions to tackle the financial crisis: Through years of development, the world economy is on a solid material and technological footing. We have the policy means: Today, we have far more macro regulatory tools at our disposal and our regulatory measures are much more focused and effective than before. And we have the common will: The entire international community has demonstrated readiness to enhance coordination and cooperation. As long as we strengthen confidence and work together, we will tide over the difficulties and achieve our shared goals.

第二，进一步加强合作。这场国际金融危机是在经济全球化深入发展、国与国相互依存日益紧密的大背景下发生的，任何国家都不可能独善其身，合作应对是正确抉择。我们应该认清形势、加强沟通、相互支持、携手合作、共克时艰。我们应该保持宏观经济政策导向总体上的一致性、时效性、前瞻性。作为具有广泛代表性的二十国集团，是国际社会共同应对国际经济金融危机的重要有效平台。我们应该大力开展各项实质性合作，加快结构调整，稳定市场，促进增长，增加就业，改善民生，千方百计减轻国际金融危机对实体经济的冲击和影响。我们应该大力开展贸易和投资等实体经济合作，为恢复世界经济增长提供坚实支撑。我们应该大力加强贸易融资合作，尤其应该加大对发展中国家的融资投入。我们应该大力加强中小企业合作，帮助它们尽快摆脱经营困境。我们应该大力推动国际新兴产业合作尤其是节能减排、环保、新能源等领域合作，积极培育世界经济新的增长点。我们应该大力加强国际科技合作，充分依靠科技进步的力量，不断增强世界经济增长的内在动力。

2. Further intensify cooperation. The international financial crisis is taking place at a time when economic globalization is gaining momentum and countries are becoming more and more interdependent. No country can stay immune from the crisis, and the only right choice is for all of us to work together and deal with it. We should have a correct appraisal of the situation, increase exchanges, support one another and overcome the difficulties through concerted efforts. It is essential that our macroeconomic policies are on the whole consistent, timely and forward-looking. The G20, with its broad representation, offers an important and effective platform for concerted international efforts to counter the international economic and financial crisis. We should vigorously advance substantive cooperation, speed up structural adjustment, stabilize markets, promote growth, increase employment, and improve people’s livelihood so as to minimize by all possible means the adverse impact of the crisis on the real economy. We should step up cooperation in trade, investment and other areas of the real economy and lay a solid foundation for restoring world economic growth. We should enhance cooperation in trade financing and increase, in particular, financial input in developing countries. We should promote cooperation among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and help them get through the difficulty as soon as possible. We should push forward international cooperation in new industries, particularly in energy conservation, pollution control, environmental protection and new energy, which may become new growth areas in the world economy. We should enhance international cooperation in science and technology, whose progress will serve as an engine for world economic growth.

第三，进一步推进改革。我们应该抓紧落实华盛顿峰会达成的重要共识，坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性、实效性的原则，推动国际金融秩序不断朝着公平、公正、包容、有序的方向发展。尤其要在以下方面作出努力。一是加强金融监管合作，尽快制定普遍接受的国际金融监管标准和规范，完善评级机构行为准则和监管制度，建立覆盖全球特别是主要国际金融中心的早期预警机制，提高早期应对能力。二是国际金融机构应该增强对发展中国家的救助，有关国际和地区金融机构应该积极拓宽融资渠道，通过多种方式筹集资源。中方支持国际货币基金组织增资，愿同各方积极探讨并作出应有贡献。同时，我们认为，注资应该坚持权利和义务平衡、分摊和自愿相结合的原则，新增资金应该确保优先用于欠发达国家；应该建立快速反应、行之有效的国际金融救援机制，对借款国采取客观、科学、全面的评估标准。三是金融稳定论坛应该发挥更大作用。论坛不久前已成功实现扩员，应该尽快理顺机制，制定规划，着手工作，及时就稳定金融市场、加强金融监管提出更多可行性建议，并同其他国际金融机构加强协调，共同推动国际金融体系改革早日取得积极进展。四是国际货币基金组织应该加强和改善对各方特别是主要储备货币发行经济体宏观经济政策的监督，尤其应该加强对货币发行政策的监督。五是改进国际货币基金组织和世界银行治理结构，提高发展中国家代表性和发言权。六是完善国际货币体系，健全储备货币发行调控机制，保持主要储备货币汇率相对稳定，促进国际货币体系多元化、合理化。下一阶段，各方应该在充分协商的基础上制定出可供操作的时间表和路线图，扎扎实实推进改革，创造有利于世界经济健康发展的制度环境。

3. Further advance reform. We should intensify efforts to implement the important consensus reached at the Washington Summit and continue to work for a fair, just, inclusive and well-managed international financial order. And we should do so in a comprehensive, balanced and incremental manner and lay emphasis on concrete results. It is of particular importance to make efforts in the following areas. First, strengthen cooperation in financial regulation, formulate as soon as possible universally accepted standards and norms of international financial regulation, improve codes of conduct and regulatory regimes for rating agencies and establish an early warning mechanism that covers the whole world, the major international financial centers in particular, to enhance early response capabilities. Second, international financial institutions should give more assistance to developing countries. International and regional financial institutions should actively expand financing channels and mobilize resources by multiple means. China supports increasing resources of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and is ready to enter into active discussions with various parties on this issue and make its due contribution. We believe that in raising resources, the IMF should seek a balance between rights and obligations and combine quota-based contribution with voluntary contribution. The new resources should be used, first and foremost, to meet the needs of less developed countries. It is necessary to put in place an effective international financial rescue mechanism with rapid response capabilities. And it is important to apply objective, scientific and comprehensive assessment standards to the borrowing countries. Third, the Financial Stability Forum (FSF) should play a bigger role. Following its recent broadening of membership, the Forum should now rationalize its mechanism, map out plans and get down to business as quickly as possible. We expect to see more practical proposals from the FSF on ways to stabilize financial markets and enhance financial regulation. And we hope that the FSF will have closer coordination with other international financial institutions to bring about early progress in the reform of the international financial system. Fourth, the IMF should strengthen and improve its oversight of the macroeconomic policies of various economies, major reserve currency issuing economies in particular, with a special focus on their currency issuing policies. Fifth, improve the governance structures of the IMF and the World Bank (WB) and increase the representation and voice of developing countries. Sixth, improve the international monetary system, improve the regulatory mechanism of the issuance of reserve currencies, maintain the relative stability of the exchange rates of major reserve currencies and develop a more diverse and rational international monetary system. For the next stage, we should work out a practical timetable and roadmap on the basis of full consultations and make solid progress in various reforms, thus fostering an enabling institutional environment for the sound growth of the world economy.

第四，进一步反对保护主义。近来，贸易保护主义和其他形式的保护主义明显抬头，这不符合我们在华盛顿峰会上达成的反对保护主义、避免政策内顾的共识。上世纪二三十年代经济大萧条时期，保护主义曾盛行一时，带来了严重后果。历史的教训一定要汲取。当前，任何国家和地区都不应借刺激经济之名、行保护主义之实。我们应该共同反对以保护本国就业为由对外国劳务人员采取歧视性做法。我们应该共同反对任何形式的贸易保护主义，反对以各种借口提高市场准入门槛和各种以邻为壑的投资保护主义行为，共同反对滥用贸易救济措施。我们希望有关国家放宽对发展中国家不合理的出口限制，努力扩大双边贸易规模。多哈回合谈判事关全球贸易自由化进程。我们应该共同坚守2008年7月有关各方达成的共识，在现有框架基础上继续前进，推动谈判早日取得全面、均衡的成果。

4. Further oppose protectionism. Recently, trade protectionism as well as other forms of protectionism have notably increased. This goes against the consensus we reached at the Washington Summit on rejecting protectionism and refraining from turning inward in our policies. Protectionism was prevalent during the Great Depression in the 1920s and 1930s, but it only led to grave consequences. Lessons of history must be learnt. No country should resort to protectionism under the excuse of stimulating the economy. We should jointly oppose those discriminatory practices against foreign workers under the excuse of protecting domestic jobs. We should work together to oppose trade protectionism in all manifestations and reject attempts to raise the market access threshold under various excuses and all forms of investment protectionism that harm the interests of other countries. And we should fight against the abuse of trade remedy measures together. We hope that countries concerned will ease their unfair restrictions on the exports of developing countries and increase trade with them. The Doha Round negotiations are crucial to global trade liberalization. We should jointly uphold the consensus of July 2008, build on the existing framework and continue to move the negotiations forward with a view to bringing about comprehensive and balanced outcomes at an early date.

第五，进一步支持发展中国家。当前，一些发展中国家经济金融形势恶化，社会政治动荡加剧，值得我们高度重视。虽然国际金融危机给各国造成了很大困难，但我们不能因此中断联合国千年发展目标进程。继续推进这一进程，也有利于恢复世界经济增长。我再次呼吁，国际社会应该高度关注和尽量减少国际金融危机对发展中国家特别是最不发达国家造成的损害；国际社会特别是发达国家应该承担应尽的责任和义务，继续履行援助、减债等承诺，切实保持和增加对发展中国家援助，切实帮助发展中国家维护金融稳定、促进经济增长，切实帮助发展中国家特别是非洲国家克服困难，不断改善这些国家发展的外部环境。

5. Give further support to developing countries. Some developing countries are now suffering from deteriorating economic and financial conditions and increased social and political turmoil. We need to pay close attention to their difficulties. True, the international financial crisis has caused great difficulties for all countries, but we cannot for this reason stop the process towards the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). We should continue to push it forward, for this is conducive to restoring global economic growth. Once again, I call on the international community to pay great attention to and minimize the damage of the financial crisis on developing countries, especially the least developed countries. The international community, developed countries in particular, should assume due responsibilities and obligations, continue to fulfill their commitments to debt reduction and aid, take concrete measures to maintain and increase assistance to developing countries, help them uphold financial stability and promote economic growth, give a helping hand to developing countries, especially African countries, as they work to overcome difficulties, and improve the external environment for the development of these countries.

Dear Colleagues,

国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。主要表现在：经济下行压力明显加大，进出口继续下滑，工业生产明显放缓，部分企业生产经营困难，就业难度加大。这场国际金融危机与中国发展方式转变、经济结构调整的关键时期不期而遇，新的挑战与既有矛盾相互交织，加大了我们解决问题的难度。

The international financial crisis has brought unprecedented difficulties and challenges to China. We are experiencing greater downward pressure on economic growth. Imports and exports have been on the decline. Industrial production has notably slowed down. Some enterprises are having a hard time in their production and business operation, and employment is becoming more and more difficult. This crisis coincides with a crucial juncture in China’s efforts to transform the growth pattern and adjust the economic structure. New challenges coupled with existing problems have made our task all the more arduous.

为应对国际金融危机冲击、保持经济平稳较快发展，中国及时调整宏观经济政策，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，形成了进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的一揽子计划。我们大规模增加政府支出，实施总额4万亿元人民币的两年投资计划，实行结构性减税政策，多次降息和增加银行体系流动性，大范围实施产业调整振兴规划，大力推进科技创新和技术改造，大力加强节能减排和生态环境保护，继续调整国民收入分配格局，大力拓展国内市场特别是农村市场，大幅度提高社会保障水平。现在，这些措施已取得初步成效、呈现出积极迹象，国内消费需求比较旺盛，投资需求稳步提高，社会大局保持稳定。这表明中国的应对思路是符合实际的，政策是积极有效的。中国为应对国际金融危机冲击采取的一系列举措不仅对本国经济、而且对区域经济乃至世界经济都将产生积极影响。

To counter the impact of the international financial crisis and maintain steady and relatively fast economic growth, China has made timely adjustment to its macroeconomic policies, swiftly adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy, and formulated a package plan to expand domestic demand and boost economic growth. We have substantially increased government spending, introduced a two-year investment plan totaling RMB 4 trillion, and carried out structural tax cuts. We have repeatedly lowered interest rates and increased liquidity in the banking system. We have implemented industrial restructuring and rejuvenation plans on a large scale and vigorously promoted scientific innovation and technological upgrading. We have worked hard to conserve energy, reduce pollution and protect the eco-environment. We have made further efforts to adjust the distribution of national income and worked energetically to expand domestic markets, especially rural markets. And we have significantly raised the level of social security. These measures are producing positive initial results, including fairly strong domestic consumption demand, steadily rising investment demand and overall social stability. It shows that China’s approach in response to the financial crisis is pragmatic and the policies are active and effective. The array of measures adopted by China will have a positive impact not only on its own economy but also on the economy of the region and the world at large.

虽然国际金融危机对中国实体经济的不利影响继续显现，但中国经济发展的基本态势和长期向好趋势没有发生根本变化，支撑中国经济持续较快发展的根基没有动摇。经过改革开放30年持续快速发展，中国积累了较为雄厚的物质基础，体制环境进一步完善，基础设施建设、产业优化升级、科技进步和创新、生态环境保护、居民消费、社会事业等方面有巨大发展空间，扩大内需潜力巨大，人力资源丰富，金融体系总体稳健，宏观经济政策调整有较大余地。中国正在努力变压力为动力、化挑战为机遇，把国际金融危机带来的不利影响降到最低程度，继续保持经济平稳较快发展。

Despite the continued adverse impact of the international financial crisis on China’s real economy, neither the fundamentals nor the positive long-term prospects of China’s economy have changed in any major way, and the foundation supporting China’s sustained and relatively fast economic growth remains solid. Thanks to continuous and rapid development over the past 30 years of reform and opening-up, China has built a fairly strong material foundation and further improved the institutional environment. There is great scope for infrastructural development, industrial upgrading, scientific and technological advances and innovation, environmental protection, consumer spending and social programs. China has enormous potential in domestic demand, rich human resources, a generally sound financial system and adequate room for macroeconomic policy adjustment. China is working hard to turn pressure into driving force and challenges into opportunities, minimize the impact of the international financial crisis and maintain steady and relatively fast growth.

面对国际金融危机冲击，我们将继续坚持对外开放的基本国策，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略。我们坚信，一个充满活力、更加开放的中国，不仅有利于保持中国经济平稳较快发展势头，而且有利于国际社会共同应对国际金融危机、促进世界和平与发展。

In the face of the international financial crisis, we will continue to follow the basic state policy of opening-up and unswervingly pursue a win-win strategy in opening to the outside world. It is our firm belief that a more dynamic and open China will be in a better position to not only maintain steady and relatively fast economic growth at home, but also contribute to the global efforts to tackle the financial crisis and promote world peace and development.

各位同事！

Dear Colleagues,

中国作为国际社会负责任的成员，始终积极参与应对国际金融危机的国际合作。

As a responsible member of the international community, China has been actively involved in the international endeavor to fight the financial crisis.

中国在面临巨大困难的形势下，保持了人民币汇率基本稳定。

In spite of great difficulties, China has kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable.

中国积极参与国际金融公司贸易融资计划，并决定提供首批15亿美元的融资支持。我们支持地区性开发银行开展融资业务，愿继续同国际金融机构和有关国家协作，进一步加强多边、区域和双边贸易融资合作。

China has taken an active part in the Global Trade Finance Program of the International Finance Corporation and decided to provide US$1.5 billion as the first portion of its financial support to the Program. We support regional development banks in providing financing services, and we will continue to coordinate with international financial institutions and relevant countries to further strengthen multilateral, regional and bilateral cooperation in trade finance.

中国尽最大努力向有关国家提供支持和帮助，同有关国家和地区签署了总额达6500亿元人民币的双边货币互换协议，还将根据需要签署更多双边货币互换协议。我们积极参与清迈倡议多边化项下的货币储备库建设，维护地区经济金融形势稳定，促进地区金融合作和贸易发展。

China has made utmost efforts to provide support and assistance to other countries and signed bilateral currency swap agreements worth RMB650 billion with relevant countries and regions. We are ready to conclude more such agreements as circumstances may require. We have actively participated in the Self-managed Reserve Pooling Arrangement of the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization scheme in an effort to uphold economic and financial stability in our region and promote regional financial cooperation and trade.

中国组织了大型采购团赴海外采购，显示了中国坚持对外开放、推动恢复世界经济增长的坚定态度。

China has sent large procurement missions abroad, demonstrating its firm commitment to staying open to the world and promoting global economic recovery.

中国明确承诺，将认真落实中非合作论坛北京峰会确定的各项援非举措，在力所能及范围内继续增加对非援助、减免非洲国家债务，扩大对非贸易和投资、加强中非务实合作。中国将在南南合作框架内，继续向其他发展中国家提供力所能及的援助，包括无偿援助、债务减免、贸促援助。

China has undertaken in unequivocal terms to implement the assistance measures announced at the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation. We will continue to increase aid for Africa and reduce or cancel debts owed by African countries as our ability permits. We will expand trade with Africa, increase investment there, and enhance practical cooperation with Africa. As part of South-South cooperation, China will continue to offer assistance to other developing countries to the best of its ability, in the form of grant, debt relief and aid for trade.

中国将继续同国际社会加强宏观经济政策协调，推动国际金融体系改革，积极维护多边贸易体制稳定，为推动恢复世界经济增长作出应有贡献。

China will continue to work with the rest of the international community to enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, advance the reform of the international financial system, maintain the stability of the multilateral trading system and contribute its share to world economic recovery.

各位同事！

Dear Colleagues,

寒冬过后必将迎来万物复苏、万象更新的春天。只要我们增强信心、携手合作，就一定能克服这场国际金融危机的严峻挑战，创造更加美好的未来。

After the chilly winter is gone, we will again embrace spring, when everything will take on a new look. As long as we build confidence and cooperate, we will overcome the severe challenges of the international financial crisis and usher in an even brighter future.

谢谢各位。

Thank you.