驻英国大使刘晓明英中贸易协会欢迎午宴讲话

尊敬的白乐威爵士，各位企业家朋友，女士们，先生们：

Sir David Brewer, Members of the business community, Ladies and Gentlemen,

首先感谢英中贸协为我举行盛大的欢迎宴会，我深感荣幸。我认为这不仅仅是对我个人的热烈欢迎，而是对我代表的国家—中国的热烈欢迎。

May I start by thanking China-Britain Business Council (CBBC) for hosting today\'s lunch. This is not only a gesture of welcome for me personally but also a reflection of CBBC\'s long-standing commitment to China-UK relations.

我是于三周前抵英履新的。临来前，听说一些英国朋友曾好奇地问，中国为什么派一位驻朝鲜大使转任驻英国大使？显然他们想知道英国和朝鲜有什么相同点？从表面看，英国和朝鲜可能截然不同：朝鲜在亚洲，英国属欧洲；朝鲜四季分明，英国的天气有点“独特”。但我抵达伦敦后，确实发现英国和朝鲜之间“鲜明”的相似，这就是对红色的喜爱。朝鲜就不必说了。红色在英国也随处可见。红色的公共汽车、电话亭和邮筒，这是伦敦的标志物；阿森纳、曼联、利物浦足球队是红色的；汇丰银行、特易购（TESCO）、沃达丰（VODAFONE）等企业标志是红色的；我刚去拜会了上院议长，发现英国上院也是红色的。当然我们不该忘了今天活动的主办者—英中贸协的徽标也是红色的。看来，红色使英国和朝鲜找到了共同点。不仅于此，我们中国人也非常喜爱红色，因为红色象征幸运、幸福和繁荣。

Before I came here, I heard that some British friends asked why China should send someone from Pyongyang to serve in London? Apparently, they were keen to know if there were any similarities between Pyongyang and London. On the face of it, there might not seem to be that many similarities. For a start one country is in Asia and the other in Europe. The DPRK has distinct seasons, while I am told in the UK the weather is, well, unique. But only after my arrival, did I discover that both countries like the colour red. In the DPRK needless to say, one sees red wherever one goes. And then I come to London, and red is everywhere! One can see red double-deckers, red telephone booths and red post boxes, which are distinctive symbols of London. Well-known football teams like Arsenal, Manchester United and Liverpool have red logos, so have leading companies such as HSBC, TESCO, and Vodafone. In fact I just came from a meeting with the Lord Speaker only to discover the House of Lords is red, too. Naturally our host today the CBBC also has red in its logo. So you see, red is what unites both countries. And where do I fit in to all this? Well, I needn\'t tell you how much we prize the colour red back home. For us it means luck and happiness and prosperity.

让我们回到中国的主题！

Well, let me come back to China.

不久前，温家宝总理在两会的记者招待会上表示，“2009年是进入新世纪以来中国经济最为困难的一年，2010年将是中国经济最为复杂的一年”。我注意到许多英国媒体都引用了这句话。

Premier Wen Jiabao recently made a much publicized comment about the Chinese economy, saying that 2009 has been the most difficult year so far in the new century, and 2010 would be the year when China faces the most complicated economic landscape.

温总理为什么这么说？2009年初，由于国际金融危机蔓延，中国经济深受影响，出口大幅下滑，一些行业产能过剩，部分企业经营困难，就业形势十分严峻。但针对困难形势，中国政府出手快、出拳重，通过采取一揽子措施，中国的经济率先企稳回升。2009年，中国GDP增长了8.7%，超过了8%的预期目标。

Why should the Premier say so? The Chinese economy was hit hard in the beginning of 2009, with export sliding, serious difficulty for many companies and rising employment pressure. The Chinese government responded with a decisive stimulus package, which brought about 8.7% growth, exceeding the 8% target.

2010年，虽然世界经济出现整体复苏的形势，但复苏仍很脆弱，形势还可能出现反复，甚至二次探底。中国经济虽然出现了企稳回升，但是许多企业的经营状况还没有根本好转，它们主要靠政策的支撑。为此，中国政府坚持把转变发展方式、调整结构放在重要位置，改变中国经济发展的不平衡、不协调和不可持续的问题。温家宝总理强调，中国今年必须着重处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理好通胀预期三者的关系，从中走出一条光明的道路。

In 2010, the global economic recovery has so far remained fragile. And in China many companies are still reliant on policy support. The focus this year in China is to strike a proper balance between fast growth, adjusting economic structure and managing inflation. And this is by no means easy.

随着中国的发展，中国与世界的关系已经发生了历史性变化，中国经济已经成为世界经济的重要组成部分，中国已经成为国际体系的重要成员，因此外界也在密切地关注着中国。我们欢迎外界对中国善意、建设性的意见和批评。但也必须实事求是地看待和分析。最近我就听到了一些关于中国的说法，归纳起来有三条：

As the financial crisis has shown, the Chinese economy is now very much a part of the global economy. There is understandably greater interest among the outside world in China, and how it relates to other countries in fostering global recovery. Here I would like to briefly address three recent perceptions of China in Western countries.

第一个说法是中国对外“强硬”了（Assertive）。根据牛津字典的解释，Assertive是指“表现坚强和自信的性格”；（Showing a strong and confident personality）。那么，这到底是在批评中国，还是在表扬中国呢？如果是批评，难道中国在涉及自己主权和领土完整等核心利益的问题上坚强和自信不对吗？为什么有人总是期望中国对外软弱？“软弱”难道符合中国的利益？且不论强硬到底什么意思，我愿强调的是，中国外交政策没有变化，中国外交的基本思想仍是坚持和平发展、谋求合作与和谐，实现互利共赢。

First, the perception that China has become more assertive. I can assure you that there has been no change in China\'s foreign policy. Promoting peace and development, cultivating cooperation and harmony remains the guiding principle in China\'s foreign policy. Yet like other countries, China needs to stand up for its principles and core interests.

第二个说法是中国投资环境差了。他们指的大概是谷歌和力拓事件，但事实胜于雄辩。最近有一项调查显示，90%受访的外资企业表示，中国仍是全球首选的投资地。去年，中国吸引的外资额继续在发展中国家中居首位，超过900亿美元。

Second, the perception that the investment climate in China is deteriorating. Some may have in mind cases like Google and Rio Tinto. Facts speak louder than words. A recent survey shows that 90% of foreign companies interviewed consider China a top place for their investment. China remained the biggest recipient of FDI among developing countries last year, attracting US$ 90 billion in investment.

中国实施对外开放的方针没有变，也不会变。改革开放是中国的基本国策，是人心所向。正是因为中国32年的改革开放政策，中国才会发生翻天覆地的变化，经济飞速发展，综合国力增强，人民生活水平大大提高。胡锦涛总书记曾明确指出，中国将坚持改革开放政策，停顿和倒退没有出路。中国没有也不会“开历史的倒车”。

Opening up remains China\'s basic state policy and enjoys the support of the Chinese people. China\'s change and progress in the past 32 years would be unthinkable without opening up. As President Hu Jintao pointed out, suspension or backtracking of reform is not an option.

我特别注意到，最近英国驻华大使馆网站在做一个“英国人在中国”的专栏，很多英国人介绍了自己在中国的成功故事。其中有一个叫邓肯•克拉克（Duncan Clark）的企业家，他1994年来到北京，从事中国互联网和电子商务开发，曾与阿里巴巴的马云一起共同创业，如今他是北京英国商会的副主席。克拉克说，“居住在当今的中国，就像是在观看一部引人入胜的影片，很难让人在中途起身离开”。看来，并不是所有人都在抱怨中国市场环境，更不是所有人都准备“中途离开”。

I can also site the example of a British businessman Mr Duncan Clark, who came to Beijing in 1994 to develop e-commerce in China. He is now the Vice President of the British Chamber of Commerce in Beijing. "Living in China today," he said, "is like watching a gripping film-it\'s just too hard to get up and leave half-way." The key is to make the most out of the opportunities that clearly exist in China.

第三个说法是人民币该升值了。就在10天前，温家宝总理在记者招待会上对这个问题作了明确阐述。人民币汇率机制改革是从2005年7月份开始的，到现在人民币的币值对美元升值21%，实际有效汇率升值16%。在国际金融危机爆发和蔓延期间，人民币汇率保持基本稳定对世界经济复苏做出了重要贡献。2008年7月到2009年2月，也就是世界经济极为困难的时期，人民币并没有贬值，而实际有效汇率升值14.5%。

Third, the perception that RMB should be revalued. Last weekend in a press conference, Premier Wen gave a clear explanation of this issue. Since July 2005 when reform started, RMB has appreciated by 21% against the US dollar, or 16% in real terms. Between July 2008 and February 2009 when the global economy was in the most difficult phase, the real exchange rate of RMB rose by 14.5%. A basically stable RMB has contributed to the recovery of the global economy.

一国的汇率是由一国的经济决定的，汇率的变动也是由经济的综合情况来决定的。我们主张自由贸易，无意利用人民币汇率来维持贸易竞争优势。举一组数据：2009年，中国外贸出口下降了16%，但是进口只降低了11%，顺差减少了1020亿美元。去年美国对外出口整体下降17%，但对中国出口仅下降0.23%。欧盟对华出口额甚至增长了4％，英国对华出口也增长了5.3%。今年前两个月，中国进口增长高达64%，比出口增速高出32个百分点，贸易顺差减少50.5%。总之，人民币将继续坚持以市场供求为基础、有管理的浮动汇率制度，中国将进一步推进人民币汇率形成机制的改革，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

China is a supporter of free trade and has no intention to gain undue advantage through the exchange rate. Let me cite a set of figures. US export to China last year dropped by a mere 0.23% compared with 17% drop overall. According to British figures, British export to China even grew 5.3%. In the first two months of the year, China\'s import went up 64%, 32 percentage points higher than its export growth. All in all, China will continue to reform the RMB exchange rate regime and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate level.

上述这些问题，如果归结为一条，那就是中国与西方关系的问题，中西方关系到底是竞争关系，还是合作关系？从微观层面看，特别是从各自企业层面看，我不否认存在竞争，市场经济本身就是竞争经济，这就是亚当•斯密在《国富论》提出的“看不见的手”。但亚当•斯密在《道德情操论》又提出了“另一只看不见的手”，就是人们在相互竞争获取财富的过程中，同时也在实现着人类福祉这一更大的社会目的。因此从宏观层面看，中西方关系不是“零和游戏”，是既竞争，又合作，从而实现着互利共赢、共同发展。这就是中国人说的，“一荣俱荣，一损俱损”。

The above trends in Western opinion of China indicate a deeper challenge of our relationship. We both understand the need to develop a stable and effective partnership between China and the West in an era of globalization. And we both have deep held principles and ideas in dealing with each other. We need to work harder to increase mutual understanding and trust and learn to address differences in a constructive way. Only by doing so can we ensure stable and sound development of our relations. This is true of China\'s relations with the West in general and with Britain as well.

女士们、先生们，

在中西方关系中，中国和英国的关系是一组重要的大国关系。我到英国后，不少人对我说：“你来得正是时候！”我问为什么？他们告诉我，一是因为英国将要进行大选，由于主要党派势均力敌，这次大选很有看头。二是因为中英关系刚刚经历了一些波折，处在关键的节点。

I have come at an interesting time in our relationship. It\'s an election year in Britain. And China-UK relations have just emerged from recent twists and turns.

大选我不便评论，我想就中英关系谈几点看法：

首先、中国和英国都是伟大的国家，两国都有悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。自1793年两国首次正式接触起，两国关系经历了风风雨雨217年。目前，中英关系正处在历史上的最好时期。

其次，中英在世界上都具有重要地位和影响，都致力于促进世界的和平和稳定，两国关系具有战略和全球意义。就在上周，中英举行了提升级别后的首次战略对话，进一步表明两国都将对方视为战略伙伴。

第三，中英目前合作呈“百花齐放”的特点，经贸、金融、教育、文化、科技、卫生和可持续发展等各领域合作全面、深入。双方在国际和全球事务中保持着密切磋商与协调。很多国际问题的解决，都既离不开英国，也离不开中国。

This has been in the context of growing mutually beneficial cooperation in a wide range of areas such as trade and investment, education, culture, science & technology, and sustainable development.

第四，中英关系越来越成熟稳定。尽管去年底中英间出现了一些分歧，但我们看到两国关系的基本面没有改变，各领域合作仍在深入发展。米利班德外交大臣刚刚成功访华，双方一致认为应加强沟通与合作，使中英关系翻开新的一页。

I must say that our relationship remains fundamentally sound. It has gone way beyond the bilateral level and has taken on greater global and strategic significance. Only last week, during Secretary Miliband\'s visit to China, the two sides agreed to upgrade the level of our strategic dialogue. This shows the importance both sides place on our relationship and its growing maturity.

中方愿与英方站在新的历史起点上，加强两国政治互信，深化各领域合作，扩大战略共识和利益，推动两国关系不断向前发展，促进世界的和平、稳定和繁荣。这也是我作为新任中国驻英国大使的使命，我将矢志不渝，鞠躬尽瘁。

As the new Chinese Ambassador to Britain, my mission is to work with the British side to enhance dialogue, deepen cooperation in key areas and expand mutual understanding and trust. I will always stay on course and work to the best of my efforts.

中英经贸关系是两国关系的重要基础。英国是自由贸易思想的发源地，而中国是新兴的贸易大国，中英都坚决反对贸易保护主义，努力推动多哈回合尽早取得成果，两国具有牢固的共同利益。目前，英国仍是欧盟内最大的对华投资国，累计项目超过6000个，总投资额达到164亿美元。英国也是中国投资最多的欧洲国家，伦敦已经成为中国企业向欧洲拓展时最受青睐的目的地。

One of the priority areas I would like to talk about is trade and investment ties between our two countries. With a total investment of US$ 16.4 billion, Britain remains the biggest EU investor in China. It has also received more Chinese investment than any other EU country.

但我们也必须看到，中英贸易规模仍然较小，去年双边贸易额为391亿美元，只占中国对外贸易总量的1.7%，英国对外贸易总量的4%不到。这主要是由于语言、信息、人才等障碍，两国广大中、小企业相互了解不够，尚未实现完全对接；两国缺少标志性的合作大项目；英方企业在对华高技术出口方面仍受一些限制等。

On the other hand, China-UK trade is still small. Our trade last year accounted for 1.7% of China\'s total trade and less than 4% of Britain\'s. There are still barriers in language, information, knowledge and personnel between business communities of the two countries, particularly among the SMEs. British companies are still subject to certain restrictions in high-tech export to China.

我认为发展中英经贸合作的关键是抓住重大机遇，找到利益契合点，瞄准合作突破口，寻求新的增长点。

The key to expanding economic and trade cooperation, in my view, lies in identifying areas where progress can be made and fostering new areas of growth.

第一，要抓住上海世博会的机遇。上海世博会现在已有190多个国家、50多个国际组织报名参加，世博会期间将举行188场国家馆日、39个国际组织的荣誉日活动，将吸引7000万中国和世界各地的参观者。英国的蒲公英馆将成为世博会的亮点之一。中英双方应在世博会方面加强沟通和协调，共同扩大经贸推介活动的效果，促进两国企业借助世博会平台共寻商机、共谋合作。

First, we should seize the opportunity of the Shanghai Expo. More than 190 countries and over 50 international organizations have signed up to the Expo and 70 million Chinese and foreign visitors are expected to come. The British Dandelion Pavilion has caught much attention from the Chinese people. The two sides should work together to turn the Expo into a commercial and cultural highlight of our relationship this year.

第二，找准双方合作的契合点。中国政府正在大力推动产业调整，振兴钢铁、汽车、造船、石化、轻工、纺织、有色金属、装备制造、电子信息和物流等十大产业，加快推进企业技术改造，加快服务业发展。英国在金融服务、科技、创意和设计等领域处于世界领先水平。中英双方要充分发挥各自产业优势，努力实现“中国制造”和“英国设计”的结合，“中国生产”和“英国服务”的互补。

Second, the two sides should identify priority areas for cooperation. China is focusing on technical innovation of traditional sectors and the development of emerging services. Britain is the world leader in financial services, creative industry and design, and enjoys advanced technology in high-end manufacturing. There is a lot we can do to pool our strengths together. One area that holds out much promise, for example is the low-carbon economy. Britain was the first advocate of low-carbon growth. China is redoubling its efforts in energy efficiency and emission reduction. There is a solid foundation to work from and huge potential to tap.

第三，要在大项目上取得突破。尽管中英经贸合作在中国与欧盟成员中位居前列，但是除能源化工领域外，支撑中英经贸合作的大项目还不多。英国在飞机发动机、生物制药、机电产品等行业技术先进。我们欢迎英国企业积极参与中国“大飞机”项目的研发，希望双方加强在“高速铁路”方面的合作，共同打造中英新标志性合作项目，树立合作的典范。

Third, the two sides should work for major success stories that will help lead the way. Given the nature of our economic relations, there have not been many big projects between the two sides. I hope British companies will take an active part in the R&D in China\'s commercial airplane project and enhance cooperation with Chinese partners in high-speed rail to cite two examples.

第四，要开展好低碳和绿色经济等前沿领域合作。英国是低碳经济的最早倡导者，清洁能源和低碳技术领域开发早、投入大、成果多。中国正在大力推进节能减排，包括开发低碳技术，推广高效节能技术及发展新能源和可再生能源。双方已在碳捕获和储存、清洁能源和可持续城市等领域开展了良好合作。中英应共同努力，将技术、资金和需求等各要素更好的结合，实现低碳和绿色技术的产业化和商业化，将两国在气候变化领域的合作做实、做大。英中贸协的各位朋友们，你们长期以来致力于扩大中英经贸互利合作，为推动中英双边关系的良好发展做出了巨大贡献，为此，我向你们表示崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢。在今后的岁月里，我愿与你们携起手来，相互支持和配合，共同把中英经贸合作推到新的水平，使两国关系更加牢不可破。

In all these years, the CBBC has been our reliable partner and I will count on your continued support in the months and years to come. My colleagues and I will also be happy to assist you wherever possible. I look forward to working with you to further our trade and investment relationship and better serve the interests of our two peoples.

谢谢！

Thank you.

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