温总理联合国千年发展目标高级别会议讲话

当地时间2010年9月22日，中国国务院总理温家宝出席在纽约召开的联合国千年发展目标高级别会议并发表讲话，以下为讲话全文：

为实现千年发展目标而奋斗
——在联合国千年发展目标高级别会议上的讲话
中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝
2010年9月22日 纽约

Towards the Attainment of the Millennium Development Goals
--Statement by H.E.Wen Jiabao
Premier of the State Council of the People\'s Republic of China
At the UN High-Level Plenary Meeting on the Millennium Development Goals
New York,22 September 2010

主席先生，各位同事：

Mr. President,
Dear Colleagues,

十年前，就是在这间庄严肃穆的大厅里，召开了联合国千年首脑会议，各国领导人向全世界立下誓言，一定要使每一个人实现发展权，并使全人类免于饥饿和贫困。千年峰会吹响了消除全球贫困的号角，成为推动人类共同发展的里程碑。

Ten years ago, in this very hall, world leaders held the UN Millennium Summit and made the solemn commitment of making the right to development a reality for everyone and freeing the entire human race from hunger and poverty. The Millennium Summit was a call for action to end global poverty and represented a milestone in the endeavorto promote the common development of mankind.

弹指一挥间，十年过去了。在国际社会的共同努力下，大批遭受饥饿的人们基本解决了温饱，众多因贫困而失学的儿童走进了梦寐以求的校园，越来越多艾滋病患者得到社会关爱和及时救治。同时也要看到，千年发展目标在不同地区和领域的落实还不平衡，许多国家在改善妇幼健康、实现男女平等和保护生态环境等方面进展不明显，不少发展中国家受到国际金融危机、自然灾害和粮食、能源市场波动的严重冲击，全球饥饿人口又有新的增加，实现千年发展目标依然任重道远。

Time flies. Thanks to the concerted efforts of the international community over the past decade, many people who suffered from hunger now have access to basic necessities, many children who were denied education due to poverty now have their dream of going to school come true, and more and more AIDS patients have received timely treatment and care. That said, we must not lose sight of the fact that progress toward the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) is still uneven in different regions and fields. Many countries have yet to make visible headway in improving the health of women and children, achieving gender equality, and protecting the eco-environment. A considerable number of developing countries have been hit hard by the global financial crisis, natural disasters and volatilities in the food and energy markets. And the global population living in hunger has increased. Achieving the MDGs therefore remains a long and uphill journey.

中国始终积极响应联合国的倡议，为实现千年发展目标作出了不懈的努力。1978年以来，中国绝对贫困人口减少两亿多人，占发展中国家减贫人数的75%。我们注重从制度上保障和改善民生，在全国城乡实行9年免费义务教育，对8亿农民实行新型农村合作医疗，启动新型农村社会养老保险试点，低收入群体就业、子女入学、居住条件等问题也都得到很大改善。

China, an active and sustained supporter of the UN initiative, has made tireless efforts to reach the MDGs. Since 1978, the number of Chinese living in absolute poverty has been lowered by over 200 million, accounting for 75% of the total population lifted out of poverty in developing countries. We have enhanced the institutional arrangements aimed at ensuring and improving people\'s well-being. We have extended the free nine-year compulsory education nationwide, introduced the rural cooperative medical care scheme for the 800 million farmers,and launched the rural old-age insurance program on a trial basis. Access of low-income groups to employment, housing and education has significantly improved.

我们清醒地认识到，中国人口多、底子薄，发展不平衡，目前还不富裕，人均GDP位居世界100位左右，发展经济、改善民生的任务还很重。按中国政府现行扶贫标准，还有数以千万计的贫困人口。我们正在制定国民经济和社会发展“十二五”规划、新十年扶贫开发纲要，扶贫开发力度将进一步加大。我们坚信，千年发展目标在中国大地上一定能够如期实现。

On the other hand, we are keenly aware of the arduoustasks that we face in developing the economy and improving people\'s livelihood. China, with its large population, weak economic foundation and imbalances in development, is not yet a rich country. Its per capita GDP ranks about 100th in the world. By the Chinese government\'s standard, tens of millions of Chinese people are still below the poverty line. We are formulating the twelfth five-year plan on economic and social development and the program on poverty alleviationthrough development for the new decade, both of which will lay greater emphasis on poverty alleviation.We are convinced that the MDGs will be achieved as scheduled on the vast land of China.

扶危济困、守望相助是中华民族的传统美德。新中国成立60多年来，我们一直本着国际主义和人道主义精神，竭尽所能向发展中国家提供形式多样、真诚无私的援助，促进了发展中国家的经济发展和民生改善，加深了中国与广大发展中国家的友谊，树立了南南合作的典范。今后，中国政府将进一步加强和改进援外工作，为全人类早日实现千年发展目标做出应有的贡献。

Offering mutual support and assistance in times of adversity is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation.Since the founding of the People\'s Republic over 60 years ago,we have, in an internationalist and humanitarian spirit, provided sincere and selfless assistance in multiple forms to other developing countries to the best of our ability. Such assistance has contributed to the economic development and people\'s well-being of the recipientcountries, deepened China\'s friendship with them, and set a good example of South-South cooperation. The Chinese government will further strengthen and improve foreign assistance and contribute its due share to the early achievement of the MDGs throughout the world.

第一，推动发展中国家民生事业发展。这是中国对外援助的首要目标。迄今为止，中国为发展中国家援建了150多所学校、近百所医院、70多项饮水设施、60多个体育场馆；向近70个国家派遣了医疗队，累计派出两万多名医务人员，治愈了数以亿计的患者。今后五年，中国将再为发展中国家建设200所学校；派遣3000名医疗专家，培养5000名医务人员，为100所医院提供医疗器械、药品等，重点用于妇幼卫生及防治疟疾、结核、艾滋病等疾病；援建200个清洁能源和环保项目；加强对小岛屿发展中国家防灾减灾的援助，帮助他们提高应对气候变化能力。我愿在此宣布，今后三年内，中国将向全球艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金捐款1400万美元。

First, help improve the livelihood of people in developing countries. This is the primary objective of China\'s foreign assistance. To date, China has built over 150 schools,nearly 100 hospitals, more than 70 drinking water facilities and 60-plus stadiums for other developing countries. We have sent a total of more than 20,000 medical personnel to nearly 70 countries, offering treatment to hundreds of millions of patients. In the coming five years, China will take the following steps in support of better livelihood for people in other developing countries: build 200 schools; dispatch 3,000 medical experts, train 5,000 local medical personnel and provide medical equipment and medicines to 100 hospitals, giving priority to women\'s and children\'s health and the prevention and treatment of malaria, tuberculosisand HIV/AIDS; build 200 clean energy and environmental protection projects; and increase assistance to small island developing states in disaster prevention and mitigationto help build up their capacity in countering climate change. Here, I would like to announce that China will, within the next three years, donate US$14 million to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.

第二，减免最不发达国家债务负担。截至2009年底，中国政府免除了50个重债穷国和最不发达国家的256亿元人民币债务。中国将进一步免除这些国家2010年到期未还的政府无息贷款。

Second, reduce and cancel debts of the least developed countries. By the end of 2009, the Chinese government had cancelled debts worth RMB25.6 billion yuan owed by 50 heavily indebted poor countries(HIPCs) and least developed countries(LDCs).We will cancel their debts associated with the outstanding governmental interest-free loans that mature in 2010.

第三，深化与发展中国家的金融合作。为帮助发展中国家应对国际金融危机，中国已向非洲国家提供100亿美元的优惠贷款，向越南、柬埔寨、老挝、印尼等东盟国家提供150亿美元信贷支持；还向国际货币基金组织增资500亿美元，明确要求将资金优先用于最不发达国家。今后中国将继续向发展中国家提供一定规模的优惠贷款和优惠出口买方信贷融资支持。

Third, deepen financial cooperation with developing countries. To help other developing countries counter the international financial crisis, China has provided US$10 billion in concessionalloans to African countries and US$15 billion of credit support to some ASEAN countries, including Viet Nam,Cambodia, the Laos and Indonesia. We have committed to contribute US$50 billion to the IMF resources increase with an explicit request that the fund be used, first and foremost, to help LDCs. China will continue to extend financing support of a certain scale to developing countries in the form of concessional loans and preferential export buyer\'s credit.

第四，拓展与发展中国家的经贸关系。中国坚持通过减免关税等多种途径，为发展中国家对华出口各类产品创造条件。中国已经承诺逐步给予有关最不发达国家95%税目的产品零关税待遇。从2010年7月起，中国已对33个最不发达国家的4700多个税目的输华产品实施零关税，优惠范围已包括这些国家绝大多数对华出口商品。今后，我们还将继续扩大输华零关税产品范围和受惠国家范围，并鼓励国内企业扩大对发展中国家的投资。

Fourth, broaden economic and trade ties with developing countries. China has worked consistently to create conditions for developing countries to increase their exports to China through tariff relief and other measures. China has made the commitment of phasing in zero-tariff treatment to products under 95% of all tariff items from relevant LDCs. Since July 2010, we have given zero-tariff treatment to the exports from 33 LDCs under more than 4,700 tariff items,covering the vast majority of the products from these countries.In the future, we will give zero-tariff treatment to more products and let more countries benefit from this arrangement. We will continue to encourage Chinese companies to expand investment in developing countries.

第五，加强与发展中国家的农业合作。中国在发展中国家已建成200多个农业合作项目，派出大批农业技术专家，有力地推动了当地农业发展。今后五年，中国将再派遣3000名农业专家和技术人员，提供5000个来华农业培训名额，并重点加强在农业规划、杂交水稻、水产养殖、农田水利、农业机械等方面的合作。

Fifth, strengthen agricultural cooperation with developing countries. China has built more than 200 agricultural cooperation projects in developing countries and sent a large number of agro-technology experts to those countries, giving a strong boost to their agricultural development. In the next five years, China will dispatch 3,000 agricultural experts and technical staff, provide 5,000 agriculture-related training opportunities in China, and enhance, on a priority basis, cooperation with other developing countries in agricultural planning, hybrid rice, aquaculture, farmland water conservancy and agricultural machinery.

第六，帮助发展中国家开发人力资源。中国已经为发展中国家举办了4000多期培训班，培训了12万名各类管理和技术人才，为受援国积累了比黄金更为珍贵的人力资源。今后五年，中国将为发展中国家再培训8万名各类人员。同时，将增加发展中国家来华留学奖学金名额和在职人员硕士学历教育名额，并为3000名校长和教师提供来华培训机会。

Sixth, help developing countries develop human resources. China has held over 4,000 training courses and trained 120,000 managerial and technical personnel in various professions for developing countries, helping the recipient countries build up human resources that are more valuable than gold. In the next five years, China will train another 80,000 professionals in various fields for developing countries. We will increase the number of scholarships and mid-career master\'s degree programs for people from developing countries, and provide training opportunities in China to 3,000 school principals and teachers.

今年7月以来，巴基斯坦遭受严重洪灾，造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。作为友好邻邦，中国人民感同身受。为支持巴基斯坦抗击洪灾、重建家园，中国已提供了3.2亿元人民币的人道主义援助，并向巴灾区派出救援队。我愿借此机会宣布，在已有援助的基础上，中国将再提供2亿美元的无偿援助。

Since July this year, Pakistan has been hit by serious floods, which inflicted heavy casualtiesand property losses. China is a friendly neighbor of Pakistan. Our hearts go out to the Pakistani people. In order to support Pakistan\'s efforts in fighting floods and rebuilding the country, China has decided to provide it with RMB320 million yuan of humanitarian assistance and has sent a relief team to the disaster-stricken areas. I wish to take this opportunity to announce that China will, on top of the pledged assistance, provide another US$200 million of assistance to Pakistan.

主席先生，各位同事：

Mr. President,
Dear Colleagues,

未来五年是实施千年发展目标的关键阶段。国际社会应增强紧迫感和责任感，携手共进，扎实工作。

The next five years is crucial for the attainment of the MDGs. The international community must, with a greater sense of urgency and responsibility, take solid steps together in the following aspects to achieve common progress.

——明确工作重点。联合国要把推动千年发展目标如期实现作为首要议题，确保这一目标不受其他议题的干扰和延误。国际社会要把帮助非洲发展和脱贫作为主攻方向，加大对最不发达国家的扶持力度。发展中国家要把通过发展消除贫困作为中心任务，不断提高自我发展能力。

--Identify work priorities. The United Nations needs to put the achievement of the MDGs as scheduled on the top of its agenda and ensure that the process is not interrupted or delayed by other issues. The international community should give high priority to helping Africa achieve development and shake off poverty and should also scale up support for the LDCs. Developing countries should make the eradicationof poverty through development a central task and keep enhancing capacities for self-development.

——兑现官方承诺。拿出一个面包比开一张空头支票更有用。发达国家要切实履行自己的诺言，承担起援助发展中国家的主要责任，尽快将官方发展援助占国民收入的比重提高到千分之七，向发展中国家提供长期、稳定、可预期的资金援助，援助应当是无私的和不附加任何条件的。

--Honor official commitments. To offer a loaf of bread is more useful than making an empty promise. Developed countries should fulfill in good faith their commitments, assume the main responsibility in assisting developing countries, raise the share of official development assistance in their gross national income to 0.7% at an early date,and provide long-term, stable and predictable financial assistance to developing countries. The assistance should be selfless and have no strings attached.

——健全实施机制。制度是实现千年发展目标的重要保障。应继续发挥联合国在国际发展合作领域的核心作用。尽快建立千年发展目标评估机制。国际多边机构应加强与地区多边组织的协调与合作，形成扶贫开发的合力。

--Improve the implementation mechanisms. Institutional arrangements are an important guarantee for meeting the MDGs. The United Nations should continue to play a central role in international development cooperation. It is important to establish an assessment mechanism on the MDGs at an early date. International institutions need to strengthen coordination and cooperation with regional organizations to form a synergyin poverty alleviation through development.

——维护和平环境。没有国家的长治久安，就难有人民的安居乐业；没有世界的和平稳定，就难有人类的发展进步。国家之间、民族之间都应摒弃前嫌，化干戈为玉帛，以和平手段解决纷争。

--Uphold a peaceful environment. If a country does not have durable peace and stability, its people can hardly live and work in happiness and contentment. If the world does not have peace and stability, then the whole mankind can hardly achieve development and progress.Countries and nations should all discard past grievances, turn swords into ploughsharesand resolve disputes by peaceful means.

主席先生，各位同事：

Mr. President,
Dear Colleagues,

《千年宣言》的发表，使全世界在贫困中煎熬的人们看到了曙光。这是人类的希望之光，良知之光，仁爱之光。今天我们在这里重新相聚，就是要让这一光明普照全球，温暖每一个生活在贫困中的人。此时此刻，无数双充满期待的眼睛，正在从非洲大陆，从亚洲和拉美，从世界仍在饥饿和贫困笼罩下的地方默默注视着我们。我们没有理由让他们失望。让我们以更加积极的姿态、更加精诚的合作，为如期实现千年发展目标、促进全人类的发展和进步而努力奋斗！

The adoption of the Millennium Declaration brought light to the people suffering from poverty around the world. It was a light of hope,a light of conscience, and a light of love. Today, we are gathered here again to make the light shine brightly across the globe and warm the heart of each and every one living in poverty. At this very moment, countless people, from Africa, Asia and Latin America, and indeed from all places still under the shadow of hunger and poverty, are looking to us,their eyes full of expectation, and we cannot let them down. Let us work harder and cooperate more closely for the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals on schedule and for the development and progress of all mankind.

谢谢大家！

Thank you.