2014年3月高级口译听力真题完整版（含音频）

Part A: Spot Dictation

My topic today is how to address the problem of hunger and starvation, which still exists in many parts of the world. To end hunger starts with people\'s own productivity. A dangerous and patronizing cliche we often hear is: give a man a fish and feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for life. People living with chronic hunger have generations of wisdom about \'fishing\' — the problem is the barbed wire around the lake. The hunger project announced recently by the United Nations cut through the barbed wire, addressing the underlying social conditions that systematically deny hungry people the opportunity they need to end their own hunger. When we invest in a hunger project, we are investing in people\'s productivity and giving people a chance to translate their hard work into improved well-being. We are ensuring that people get the opportunities which are rightfully theirs. Too often hungry people are isolated, marginalized and exploited. Mobilizing communities and building local organizations is critically important — both to sustain the work we do and to get more out of our precious resources and efforts. When people come together to work, a kind of social capital is created that can compensate for the lack of financial capital in rural areas. In Africa, a unique feature of the hunger project\'s work is to organize villages to work cooperatively on community land to produce food for food banks. This fosters collective responsibility and action for a better future for all. Another example is in some Asian countries, such as India and Bangladesh, where hunger project volunteer animators have catalyzed the creation of over 1,100 local organizations throughout the country. With nearly 50% ran by women, these local groups create savings programs and invest in individual and collective income generating enterprises, including sowing, tailoring and weaving projects, bakeries and small businesses, fish and poultry farming, bee keeping and plant nurseries. The impact of these enterprises is enormous. As women have become economically empowered, the decision-making roles have increased. As family incomes have often tripled, parents are sending more children — both girls and boys — to school.

【解析】

本篇文章是关于如何解决世界上许多地方仍然存在的饥荒问题，形式属于公共演讲类文章，话题hunger and starvation不是很晦涩，考生应较容易理解。该文通过名人名言引入，表明结束饥荒要以提高人们自身的生产力为源头，介绍了hunger project，后面运用了两个例子进行具体说明和阐述。文章难度属于中等，介绍思路清晰，较易抓取关键信息。但文中有部分词汇或发音，可能仍会对考生造 成困扰：如cliché，barbed wire，marginalized，animators，catalyzed等。建议考生平时多关注与生活息息相关的公共演讲类文章和常用名人名言。

Listening comprehension 1

W: Professor White, I hope I\'m not interrupting, but you wanted to see me?

M: Oh, hello, Susan. Yes, yes. Come right in. Well, the reason I wanted to talk to you was that while you\'re presenting your linguistics project in class the other day, I was thinking you\'re a perfect candidate for the Deans Undergraduate Research Fund.

W: Emm... Professor, I am really not sure what that is.

M: Undergraduate Research Fundis... It is a mouth for…, I suppose... OK, here is the thing. Every year the school has a pool of money to fund a number of research projects of undergraduate students, because as you can imagine, in-depth research often requires monetary support.

W: I would like to expand on my research.

M: Good. First, a panel of professors reviews the applicants for the grant, and then they decide which project should be funded. A lot of money could be used for travel expenses to attend a conference for example, or things like supplies, research equipment, resources that are necessary to conduct the research.

W: I see.

M: Right. And I think you should apply for this grant. Your project is definitely eligible and you can expand it if you haven\'t necessary resources. So does it sound like something you would be interested in?

W: Oh, yeah, sounds great! I thought the topic I work on was very interesting and it is certainly relevant to my linguistics major. I assume it we\'ll also look good when I try to get into a graduate school, but how do I apply for the grant?

M: It is pretty straightforward. A brief description of your proposed project and an estimated budget —how much you need to spend and what you intend to spend it on. Also a glowing letter of recommendation from our linguistics professor wouldn\'t hurt, which I\'ve been more than happy to write up for you.

W: OK, cool! I’m pretty clear on how to carry out my project, but I\'m not sure where I can find more information on the subject.

M: Well, I\'ve already thought of that. There is this private library at university in Boston. By the way, because I graduated from that school, I can get you access to it, no problem. You see, the library houseslots of unpublished documents that are relevant to your topic.

W: So I can put that on the application for the grant that I plan on using material from that library for my research and figure a trip to Boston into my budget?

M: Exactly. I really think judging from your work in class and the relevance and clarity of this project, you really have a good chance of getting the funding.

W: OK, I\'ll definitely apply then.

M: The sooner, the better. It is due in a few of weeks. And I\'ll get that letter written up right away.

Q1: What is Susan most probably?

Q2: What is Susan talking about with Professor White?

Q3: Who will decide which project should be funded?

Q4: Which of the following cannot be covered by the research fund?

Q5: Apart from a brief description of the proposed project and a letter of recommendation, what else is needed for a plan for the grant?

【解析】

本对话选自校园日常生活，相对简单。主要内容是教授与学生谈论如何申请学校的研究项目。文章一开篇谈到教授为什么认为学生是该研究项目最合适的人选，紧接 着学生针对自己对该项目不清楚的一些地方进行了询问。教授给出了详尽的思路：包括申请材料准备、项目计划、项目目标、预算等；他还指出自己能帮忙从他的母 校获取资料以及给学生写推荐信。总体而言，在一问一答的对话中，抓听时，注意听问题的答案是关键！

Listening comprehension 2

Brussels, Belgium
Negotiators in Brussels have clinched a deal on the 2014 EU budget after a night of hard talks, cutting spending by about 6% compared to 2013. Spending will total 135.5bn euros, or 0.5bn less than the Commission sought and 0.9bn short of the European Parliament\'s target. It reflects stricter new terms agreed by EU leaders in February. The deal was reached after 16 hours of negotiation, and still requires final approval from the parliament and EU ministers next week.

Dubai, Reuters
Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Zarif rejected U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry\'s pinning of blame on Iran for the lack of a deal on its nuclear program last week, saying splits between Western powers prevented a breakthrough. Kerry’s remarks only served to undermine confidence in the Geneva negotiations. The United States, European Union powers and Iran worked hard for months on a proposal to help end the 10-year standoff over Iran\'s nuclear activity. Hopes for a deal rose so high that foreign ministers of six world powers traveled to Geneva to put their weight behind the talks. But by Saturday, the unscheduled third day of negotiations, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said Paris could not accept a "fool\'s game", and the negotiations broke off without agreement. Diplomats from other Western nations at first reacted angrily and accused the French of trying to upstage the other powers and causing unnecessary trouble for the talks. On Monday though, Kerry said the major powers were unified on Saturday when they presented a proposal to the Iranians. Everybody agreed it was a fair proposal. There was unity, but Iran couldn\'t take it at that particular moment.

London, the United Kingdom
UK researchers have been awarded an emergency grant to track a vast iceberg in Antarctica that could enter shipping lanes. Latest images show several kilometers of water between the iceberg, estimated to be about 270 square miles, and the glacier that spawned the block. The £50,000 award will fund a six-month project that will also predict its movement through the Southern Ocean. The icy giant broke away from the Pine Island Glacier (PIG) in July. “It often takes a while for bergs from this area to get out of Pine Island Bay, but once they do that they can either go eastwards along the coast or they can circle out into the main part of the Southern Ocean”, explained principal investigator Grant Bigg from the University of Sheffield. If the iceberg did follow this trajectory, it would bring the Singapore-size ice island into busy international shipping lanes.

Manila, the Philippines
Typhoon Haiyan has killed too many people to count so far and pushed to the brink of survival thousands more who have lost everything, have no food or medical care and are drinking filthy water to stay alive. By Tuesday, officials had counted 1,774 of the bodies, but say that number may just be scratching the surface. They fear Haiyan may have taken as many as 10,000 lives. The storm has injured 2,487 more since it made landfall six times last Friday, the government said. It has displaced at least 800,000 people. Rescue work is continuing.

New York, the United States
A 1969 painting by Francis Bacon set a world record for most expensive artwork ever sold at auction. "Three Studies of Lucian Freud" was purchased for $142,405,000 at Christie\'s postwar and contemporary art sale on Tuesday night. The work sold after "6 minutes of fierce bidding in the room and on the phone," Christie\'s said in a statement. The price includes the buyer\'s premium. Christie\'s did not say who bought the painting. The price surpassed nearly $120 million paid for Edvard Munch\'s "The Scream," which set a world record when it was sold at Sotheby\'s in a 2012 sale. In May 2012, Christie\'s sold Rothko\'s "Orange, Red, Yellow" for $86.8 million, a record for any contemporary artwork at auction. Christie\'s also has an iconic Andy Warhol, "Coca-Cola (3)," estimated to sell for $40 million to $60 million.

Q6: What can we know from the news about the 2014 EU Budget?
Q7: According to Iranian Foreign Minister, why was the agreement not reached over Iran’s nuclear activity last week?
Q8: For what purpose has an emergency grant been awarded to some UK researchers?
Q9: How many lives do Philippine officials fear Typhoon Haiyan may have taken?
Q10: A painting set a world record for most expensive artwork sold at auction on Tuesday. Who painted this work?

【解析】

本题着重考查考生对国际新闻报道中要点的理解和把握，分别取材自BBC、Reuters、Huffpost以及CNN的新闻报道。第一则新闻考查布鲁塞尔 议员经过反复协商最终就2014年欧盟预算达成一致意见；第二则新闻考查西方几大国就伊朗核问题的分歧以及伊朗的态度；第三则新闻考查英国设立紧急拨款以 追踪南极洲可能会影响大洋航线的巨大冰山；第四则新闻考查超强台风“海燕”在菲律宾造成的巨大破坏；第五则新闻考查著名英国画家弗兰西斯-培根的名画《卢 西安-弗洛伊德肖像画习作》（三联画）以1.42亿美元创下全球艺术品拍卖最高价的历史记录。

Listening comprehension 3

M: Now I\'ll take some questions.

W: Well, Mr. Brown, I have a question. Isn\'t it true that the public supports the death penalty? I read that according to recent statistics, 67% of Americans favor the death penalty in cases of murder. That\'s two thirds of the population.

M: It\'s true that there is a support for the death penalty. But it\'s also true that people\'s moods and opinions are difficult to understand through statistics. I think this figure might reflect people\'s concern about violent crime in general. United States is by far the most violent industrialized nation. In the United States, there\'re about 9 murders a year per 100,000 people. In Japan, for example, that figure is 0.5. In France, it\'s 1.1. So Americans are understandably concerned about violence.

W: Excuse me, Mr. Brown. What did you say the figure was in the United States?

M: It\'s about 9 murders per year per 100,000 people.

W: I\'d like to make a comment. I mean, if someone commits a really bad crime, don\'t they deserve to be punished just severely?

M: As I often tell my students at the university, the problem of the death penalty is that on an emotional level. You can understand why people want it. If you suffer the loss of a loved one, your immediate response is to want revenge. It\'s a normal natural reaction. But I feel that the reason we have laws is that they allow us to rise above our personal emotional response to crime. This form of retribution is not the answer. The idea of having laws in a society is that together as society we\'re stronger than a sum of our parts, we can rise above our personal emotional response to crime. The legal system is supposed to elevate us. It is set up so that it is better than us. Individually, we are flawed. But as a society, we are strong.

W: I thought it was interesting what you said about the death penalty not being fair, because it was applied to some people but not to others. Could you talk a little bit more about that 12 students?

M: Yes. In many ways, capital punishment is very arbitrary. If you really believed in the death penalty as a principle, as a punishment for a horrific crime, then every single person who has committed this crime would have to be executed. But that would mean that we would have about 50,000 executions a year. That\'s absurd! Nobody would stand for that. It would mean that the state was some kind of killing machine. The fact is that we do not execute some people, but other people who have committed similar crimes are not executed. So the death penalty is not applied equally to all people.

W: Mr. Brown, I\'d like to thank you for your comments today. I\'m opposed to the death penalty myself, and I don\'t think we talk enough about the issues.

Q11: About what issue is Mr. Brown being interviewed?
Q12: What is the approximate number of murders a year per 100,000 people in the United States?
Q13: What is Mr. Brown most probably?
Q14: What does Mr. Brown actually say about the death penalty?
Q15: Which of the following statements is true according to the interview?

【解析】

本段采访以“死刑（death penalty）”为主题进行展开。受访者Mr. Brown首先说明了对死刑的支持率并不能反映人们心里真实的想法，并列举了美国等工业国家谋杀案发生的概率；然后阐述了法律可以让人们更加理智，使社会 更加强大的观点；最后说明了死刑的判决也会因人而异。对话的难度不大，但是大多数问题都无法在文中直接找到答案，因此需要考生真正理解对话后再进行作答。

Listening comprehension 4

I\'m Helen Wartman, Director of the Wartman Sports Academy, a school that helps promising young athletes fulfill their dreams. We coach youngsters who want to swim faster than anyone else in the world and children who dream of running the marathon at the Olympic Games one day. I\'ve coached many athletes in my life, going back to the day when the daughter of a friend announced she had entered for the long jump in an amateur athletics event. I enjoyed coaching her, and that was the start of my career.

I also became interested in sports medicine at about that time, when my nephew fell off his bike and hurt his back. He\'d been a keen athlete before his accident, but unfortunately, he never really got over his injury sufficiently to get back into serious training. That\'s when I realize the importance of sports medicine, and the staff of the academy includes two doctors.

Perhaps at this point I should answer a question often asked by young people when they enroll the academy. How important is an athlete\'s build? Well, nobody can deny the build does matter, and one cannot hope to be a world-class long distance runner, say, if one is built like a weight-lifter. But other factors also play a vital role. For a start, good general health and fitness. These are important, even in sports where you might not think they are a priority. In shooting for instance, athletes have to be fit to lower their heart rate. This enables them to fire between heart beats and so achieve maximum accuracy.

At the academy, we encourage healthy eating habits. Without a proper diet, young athletes cannot achieve their optimum physic, nor will they have the energy for training. Then there\'s the role of technology in sports. These days, athletes cannot compete successfully at the highest level without access to state-of-the-art equipment. I\'ve already mentioned sports medicine, and it goes without saying that young athletes need to be able to consult specialists in case of an injury. But above all, at the academy, we stress the importance of attitude. Without the will to succeed, you may as well not bother to take up any sports seriously. In my opinion, it is this that is most important for our successful athlete.

Q16: What\'s Helen Wartman\'s job?
Q17: What was the start of her career?
Q18: About what do young people often ask when they enroll at her academy?
Q19: According to the speaker, how does an athlete achieve maximum accuracy in shooting?
Q20: What does the speaker stress in training at the academy?

【解析】
在本篇文章中，Waltmen体育学院的院长Helen Waltmen介绍了她教练生涯的起点和对于运动医学（sports medicine）产生兴趣的时间和原因，并且指出了体形（build）等条件不同的运动员适于从事不同的运动项目，最后强调了饮食（diet）、先进设 备（state-of-the-art equipment）、运动医学（sports medicine），特别是态度（attitude）对于运动员获得成功的重要性。

文章后问题的答案在文中都有明确的提示，如that was the start of my career，a question often asked by young people，we stress the importance of attitude等，考生只要抓住这几个提示点就不难选出正确答案。

Note Taking and Gap Filling

Good afternoon, class. I want to start my lecture by telling you a story. Once there was a young woman from Mexico named Consuela, who came to New York to learn English. She got a job at a factory owned by a Chinese. One day as Consuela came to work, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope. Consuela looked inside and saw 20 dollars. She became very upset and threw the envelope back at her boss! Her boss was shocked. Well, he had given her the red envelope and the money because it was Chinese New Year. And on the Chinese New Year, it is traditional to give money to young, single people for good luck. However, from Consuela’s point of view, he was an older man giving her money in an envelope, which meant that he was asking her for sexual favors. Naturally, she refused to take the money.

Now, what does this story show us? It shows that an action can have totally opposite meanings in different cultures. Every culture has its own rules for what is appropriate and what is not appropriate behavior. And to illustrate my point today, I’m going to give examples from four areas. First, the way people greet each other in different cultures. Second, the way they use names and titles. Third, the way people eat. And finally, the way they exchange gifts.

OK, let’s start with greeting customs—First of all, I’m sure you know that in the United States and in most western countries, greetings often involve some sort of touching, such as a handshake, a hug, or a kiss if people know each other very well. On the other hand, people from most Asian countries don’t usually feel as comfortable touching in public. Although handshakes between business people are common, many Japanese prefer a bow, while people from Thailand, normally hold their hands together in a kind of prayer position. So imagine how embarrassing it would be if an American was invited to someone’s home in Japan or Thailand and she tried to hug the host!

Now, another behavior that differs from culture to culture is the use of names. Have you noticed that Americans are quick to use people’s first names even if they have just met. For instance, visitors to the United States are always surprised to hear employees speak to their bosses using first names. In contrast, people in most other cultures are more formal and prefer to be addressed as Mr. Brown or Mr. Honda, for example. In addition, in some countries, such as Italy or Korea, people like you to include their title or position with their family names, especially if they\'re university graduates or owners of a business.

Now I want to look at eating customs. I\'ll talk about the behaviors connected with eating that vary from culture to culture. One of these is the use of utensils. You probably know that people in many Asian cultures use chopsticks but in some countries it’s customary to eat with your fingers. It’s important to be aware of different dining customs. Here is another example. In some cultures, eating everything on your plate is considered impolite. In Egypt and China, you should leave some food in your dish at the end of the meal. This is to show that your hosts were generous and gave you more than enough to eat. However, Americans generally consider a clean plate as a sign of satisfaction with the food.

Finally, what I want to mention today is gift giving, which you may think is a universal custom and there is not much variation from culture to culture. But the rules of gift giving can be very complicated. In USA, if you’re invited to someone’s home for dinner, bring wine or flowers or small item as a present. On the other hand, the Japanese give gifts quite frequently, often to thank someone, such as a teacher or a doctor. In the Japanese culture, gift giving is a very ancient tradition and it has many detailed rules. Another interesting fact about gift giving is that many cultures have strict rules about gifts you should not give. For example, never give yellow flowers to people from Iran, which means you hate them!

【评析】

本文题材对考生来说并不陌生，是老生常谈的文化差异。作者先从一个故事引入，再从四个方面（打招呼，称谓，饮食及送礼）介绍各国不同的风俗习惯。做笔记时，从这四个角度进行归类，记下关键的实词，相信正确答案就近在咫尺了。

【难词】
bow n. 鞠躬
address v. 称呼
utensil n. 餐具
universal adj. 普遍的，通用的

Passage Translation E-C 1

Crime can be divided into two main categories, misdemeanors and felonies. A misdemeanor such as pick-pocketing, or something of bad nature is punishable with more than 15 days in prison but less than 1 year. Felonies are serious crimes, such as burglary, robbery, kidnapping and murder. These crimes are so serious that anyone found guilty will spend some time in prison. When a person who commits a crime is courted that person who is called a defendant or the accused go through a legal process. If the person is found guilty, then the judge decides what the punishment should be.

【参考译文】

犯罪可被分为两类：轻罪和重罪。类似扒窃，或者一些不好的行为习惯会被判处一年以内，15天以上的监禁。重罪即严重罪行，例如：盗窃、抢劫、劫持和谋杀。 这些罪行非常严重， 因此任何人被认定有重罪都将会在监狱待上一段时间。当罪犯被诉讼到法院改称“被告”或“被控告者”时，需要走法律程序。如果此人被认定有罪，则由法官判定 处以何种处罚。

【评析】

本篇文章内容为法律相关的“法言法语”。从结构上而言，依然是历年来常见的总-分结构。但对于大部分考生而言，不常接触这类题材，难度较大。尤其是一些法 律专业术语，如：misdemeanors（轻罪） 、felonies （重罪），burglary（盗窃）等。本篇听译也提醒各位考生，应尽可能扩大平时的阅读、听力背景知识领域，从新闻、法律、文化、经济等多角度进行积 累。

Passage Translation E-C 2

Culture shock is the term used to describe the experience many people have when they travel to another country. It shows what happens when an individual suddenly experiences the different culture rules of another social group. Culture shock is a complex phenomenon. But I’m going to focus on three main ideas today. First of all, we will consider the reasons why people experience culture shock. Secondly, I will describe the different stages of this experience. Finally, I’ll mention why we have spent so much time and money to study this phenomenon. You might think that culture shock affects, see, only travelers. But that is not the case; in fact cross-culture studies have immersed practical value for modern society.

【参考译文】

文化冲突，用来形容人们在他国旅行时所形成的不同感受。文化冲突显示出个人在突然经历另一社会群体的不同文化规则时所发生的一切。文化冲突是一种复杂的现 象。不过今天我将主要从三个主要方面展开讨论。第一，我们一起来考虑为什么人们会感觉到文化冲突。第二，我会讲解文化冲突的几个不同阶段。最后，我会提到 我们为什么要花费如此多的时间和金钱来研究这一现象。你或许认为文化冲突仅仅影响旅行者们。但事实并非如此，实际上跨文化研究对当代社会有巨大的现实意 义。

【评析】

文化冲突，用来形容人们在他国旅行时所形成的不同感受。文化冲突显示出个人在突然经历另一社会群体的不同文化规则时所发生的一切。文化冲突是一种复杂的现 象。不过今天我将主要从三个主要方面展开讨论。第一，我们一起来考虑为什么人们会感觉到文化冲突。第二，我会讲解文化冲突的几个不同阶段。最后，我会提到 我们为什么要花费如此多的时间和金钱来研究这一现象。你或许认为文化冲突仅仅影响旅行者们。但事实并非如此，实际上跨文化研究对当代社会有巨大的现实意 义。

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